tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-26978163065866416152024-03-04T20:12:01.468-08:00Cikgu RazakCIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.comBlogger887125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-27332032977839046202023-12-30T21:13:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:13:29.462-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 8<p> </p><div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">BAB 8 KEBIJAKSANAAN RAJA DAN PEMBESAR MELAYU
MENAGANNI CABARAN BARAT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.1
Reaksi Pemerintah Negeri-negeri Melayu Utara dan Johor Terhadap Tindakan Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penguasaan
British didorong oleh perkembangan politik serantau yang melibatkan persaingan
kuasa Barat terutamanya British dan Perancis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
meluaskan kuasa melalui Perjanjian Bangkok pada 10 Mac 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Protokol Sempadan Perjanjian Bangkok Memecahbelahkan Wilayah Negeri-negeri Melayu
Utara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Protokol
sempadan perjanjian Bangkok 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Garis
sempadan berasasakan legeh dan lembah sungai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bermula
dari utara muara sungai Perlis di sebelah barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berakhir
di muara Kuala Tabal di sebelah timur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
menguasai pulau Langkawi dan pulau di bahagian selatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Siam
memiliki Pulau Teratau dan pulau di bahagian utara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Legeh
– kawasan tanah tinggi yang memisahkan dua hulu sungai <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Reaksi Pemerintah Negeri-Negeri Melayu Utara dan Johor Terhadap Tindakan Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reaksi
pemerintah perlis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Perjanjian Bangkok menyebabkan Perlis kehilangan
wilayah Pujoh kepada Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Raja Siam ingin memasukkan wilayah ini
ke dalam wilayah Siam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( Setul )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reaksi
pemerintah Kelantan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Raja Kelantan enggan menerima
keputusan perjanjian Bangkok<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Baginda menolak keputusan British
memberikan wilayah Tabal kepada siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Reaksi pemerintah Kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sultan Abdul Hamid berasa tersinggung
kerana tidak dirujuk sebelum perjanjian ini dipersetujui<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kedah akan kehilangan wilayah Sadao, Setul,
Pulkau Teratau , Setul, Butang dan pulau sekitarnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mahu sempadan sedia ada dikekalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menganggap wilayah ini diambil /secara
paksa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Reaksi pemerintah Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Perjanjian ini tidak diterima oleh
pelbagai pihak – sultan,ulama dan pembesar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sultan mengecam Siam yang menyerahkan Terengganu
kepada British tanpa pengetahuan sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menganggap Siam tidak mempunyai hak ke
atas Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Penghantaran bunga emas sebagai tanda
persahabatan/ bukan negeri taklukan kepada Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Bantah keputusan kepada Gabenor NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Kebijaksanaan Pemerintah Johor menyekat kemaraan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kewibawaan
Temenggung Daeng Ibrahim (1825 - 1862):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Menjamin keselamatan perairan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memastikan
perairan Johor dan Singapura selamat untuk perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mendapat
hadiah pedang keemasan daripada Ratu Victoria sebagai menghargai jasa beliau
mewujudkan keamanan perairan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Mengasaskan Bandar Iskandar Puteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memindahkan
pusat pentadbiran Johor dari Teluk Belanga, Singapura ke Tanjung Puteri utnuk
mengelakkan tekanan British di Negeri Selat yang juga berpusat di Singapura.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengisytiharkan
Tanjung Puteri sebagai ibu negeri Johor dan dinamakan Iskandar Puteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Memodenkan Pentadbiran Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempelopori
birokrasi moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
tradisional diperkukuh dengan unsur baharu dari Barat ke dalam sistem
pentadbiran seperti pendidikan moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d)
Memperkenalkan Sistem Kangcu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggalakkan
kemasukan orang Cina untuk mengusahakan tanaman gambir dan lada hitam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1860: Johor menjadi pengeluar gambir dan lada hitam yang terkemuka di Alam Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e)
Mengeksploitasi Hasil Hutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengeluarkan
hasil hutan tertama getah perca untuk dijual kepada pedagang British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perdagangan
getah perca menguntungkan sehingga Temenggung mengisytiharkan sebagai monopoli
Johor Usaha Pembesar Melayu dalam Pemodenan Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1. Pembangunan Sosioekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Long Jaafar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Membawa
kemajuan di Larut sekali gus memperkenalkan negeri Melayu di pasaran dunia
sebagai pengeluar utama bijih timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggalakkan
pusat pengajian agama dan membina sekolah Melayu Matang pada tahun 1826 untuk
membeikan pendidikan kepada anak tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Tengku Menteri Ngah Ibrahim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jutawan
berwatak nasionalis dan berwawasan dalam membangunkan ekonomi bangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menemui
Sultan Abu Bakar Johor untuk mempelajari sistem pentadbiran moden baginda bagi
memajukan daerah Larut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Usaha
Ngah Ibrahim beakhir apabila beliau dijatuhkan hukuman dibuang negeri ke Pulau
Seychelles dan kemudiannya meninggal dunia di Singapura pada 1895<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Pembangunan Pertanian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Wan Muhammad Saman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beliau
dikenali sebagai Tokoh Pembangunan Negeri Kedah kerana mencetusidea membina
terusan bermula dari Alor Setar hingga kaki Gunung Jerai, Gurun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sempena
mengenangkan jasa meliau kepada pembangunan negeri, terusan yang dibina oleh
beliau dinamakan Terusan Wan Muhammad Saman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Pembangunan Bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Dato’ Muhammad Salleh Bin Perang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beliau
melukis peta lengkap pertama bagi negeri Johor bagi memudahkan kerajaan menggerakkan
pembangunan pertanian, perbandaran dan sistem perhubungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beliau
mengasaskan pembukaan Bandar Maharani (Muar), Endau dan Bandar Penggaram (Batu
Pahat)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.
Pentadbiran Dan Pendidikan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dato Jaafar Muhammad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mengarahkan bendera Union Jack dikibarkan
lebih rendah dari bendera johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjaga kedaulatan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Memartabatkan Bahasa<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Melayu dalam penulisan surat rasmi kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Wajibkan pegawai Inggeris yang
berkhidmat dengan kerajaan Johor memakai pakaian rasmi johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Abdul Rahman Andak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mengawal hubungan Johor- British</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Seorang yang bijak dalam
diplomasi/ berpandangan jauh</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mengutamakan kedaulatan negeri</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dibersarakan oleh British kerana
bijak</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menubuhkan pakatan belajar
mengajar 1888</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Muhamad
Ibrahim Munsyi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggalakkan
perndidikan moden melalui<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>penubuhan
jabatan pelajaran / sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mendesak
pendidikan diwajibkan kepada kanak-kanak Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syeikhul
Islam Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gelaran
– Tok Ku Paloh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beri
nasihat dan semangat perjuangan kepada sultan ketika berhadapan dengan Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beri
nasihat penggubalan undang-undang negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.
Ahli Majlis Mesyuarat Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Golongan
bangsawan yang dilantik kepada Ahli Majlis Mesyuarat Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menuntut
pembentukan Rejimen Askar Melayu Diraja untuk menjaga keselamatan bangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mendesak
British membuka lebih banyak peluang pekerjaan kepada anak-anak watan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Khususnya
dalam perkhidmatan awam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.4 Keberkesanan Peranan Pemerintah
Tempatan dalam Menangani Cabaran Barat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Kemakmuran Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Johor – moden/ cekap dalam pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pemodenan Johor menarik minat pelabur
luar terutama dalam bidang pertanian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ngah Ibrahim – memajukan perlombongan
bijih timah di Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sultan Ismail memajukan perlombongan
hingga menjadi pengeluar utama dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kedah – sultan memajukan sektor
penanaman padi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sabah dan Sarawak – pembukaan pelabuhan
– mengumpulkan bahan dagangan/sumber/ bahan mentah dan hasil hutan/ hasil laut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2. Melambatkan Peluasan Kuasa British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penggubalan
Undang-Undang Tubuh Kerajaan Johor dan Undang-Undang Bagi Diri Terengganu
membantutkan cita-cita British untuk meluaskan kuasa ke atas negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawalan
undang-undang tubuh tersebut terhadap kedaulatan negeri dinyatakan dengan tegas
bahawa pemerintah tidak boleh menyerahkan negeri kepada kuasa asing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1914: British hanya berjaya menempatkan Penasihat Am British di Johor selepas
Sultan Abu Bakar mangkat dengan mendesak Sultan Ibrahim menandatangani
perjanjian British-Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Kemajuan Pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penyediaan
kemudahan pendidikan bukan menjadi keutamaan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tumpuan
British adalah untuk mengeksploitasi sumber ekonomi negeri-negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
kurang memberikan perhatian kepada pendidikan terutama pendidikan wanita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wanita
dianggap tidak memberikan pulangan ekonomi kepada British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Desakan
berterusan Raja-raja Melayu melalui Durbar mengenai kepentingan anak wantan
membawa kepada penubuhan sekolah-sekolah di negeri-negei Melayu termasuk
sekolah perempuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.
Penubuhan Rejimen Askar Melayu Diraja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rejimen
Askar Melayu ditubuhkan hasil insiatif: Yamtuan Besar Negeri Sembilan, Tuanku
Muhammad ibni Yamtuan Antah, Sultan Perak Sultan Alang Iskandar, Undang Luak
Rembau Dato’ Abdullah Dahan dan Raja Di Hilir Perak, Raja Chulan ibni Sultan
Abdullah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja-raja
Melayu dan pembesar Melayu mendesak melalui Durbar dan Majlis Perundangan
Persekutuan tentang keperluan pasukan bersenjata yang dianggotai oleh anak
watan bagi memelihara kedaulatan dan keselamatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rejimen
Askar Melayu Diraja (RAMD)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.
Pegawai Tadbir Melayu</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">merupakan hak kepada raja bagi
kepentingan anak-anak mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ing beri kerjasama – elak
perbalahan/ dapatkan sokongan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">pegawai yang dilantik di masukkan
dalam pentadbiran ing- ikut kehendak ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">pegawai ini boleh dinaikkan
pangkan dalam perkhidmatan awam/ jawatan lebih tinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">dianggap berprestij<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 636px;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 477.0pt;" valign="top" width="636">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6.
Mempertahankan Institusi Beraja</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
raja gunakan diplomasi – berjaya kekalkan institusi raja</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
ing tidak menghapuskan kedudukan raja walaupun menguasai TM</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
ing ambil alih peranan pemerintahan pada peringkat pembesar negeri sahaja</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pemerintahan corak barat dapat diperkenalkan untuk menggantikan pembesar
tempatan</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 477.0pt;" valign="top" width="636">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 477.0pt;" valign="top" width="636"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="color: #626262; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENTADBIRAN
DI JOHOR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Berlandaskan Undang-Undang Tubuh Kerajaan Johor 1895.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Sultan tidak dibenarkan untuk menyerahkan negerinya kepada kuasa asing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pentadbiran dijalankan oleh Menteri Besar, manakala Setiausaha negeri terdiri
daripada orang Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">yang
menjadi jurucakap kerajaan yang rasmi. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENTADBIRAN
DI JOHOR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Majlis Mesyuarat Menteri dan Majlis Mesyuarat Negeri membantu sultan
menjalankan pentadbiran.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Orang Eropah dan Melayu dalam perkhidmatan kerajaan Johor dilayan sama taraf
dan keutamaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">diberikan
kepada orang Melayu yang berkelayakan bagi memenuhi jawatan pentadbiran.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">KESAN LANGSUNG DARIPADA PERKEMBANGAN
SEJARAH YANG BERLAKU MELIBATKAN NEGERI –NEGERI MELAYU TIDAK BERSEKUTU.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
CUTI UMUM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Apabila Tanah Melayu mencapai kemerdekaan, ketetapan diambil untuk mengekalkan
hujung minggu pada hari<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ahad.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Namun begitu, lima bekas Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu mengekalkan
Jumaat sebagai hari cuti mereka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ASKAR
TIMBALAN SETIA NEGERI JOHOR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pasukan ini dikenali dengan nama Johor Military<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Force (Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri) yang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ditubuhkan
pada tahun 1885 sewaktu pemerintahan Sultan Ibrahim ibni Sultan Abu Bakar.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Baginda menerima saranan pihak British agar memiliki sebuah pasukan tentera
sendiri bagi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">melindungi
institusi diraja dan negeri Johor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Selain memberikan perkhidmatan menjaga keselamatan Sultan dan negeri Johor,
pasukan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Timbalan
Setia Negeri ini terlibat dalam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>perbarisan bersempena dengan ulang tahun raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">di
England pada tahun 1906<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pasukan tentera ini terus kekal relevan hingga hari<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ini.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PERKEMBANGAN PENTADBIRAN<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pembentukan Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu memberikan kesan besar kepada
perkembangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pentadbiran
yang melibatkan tiga aspek utama, iaitu pengekalan kedudukan sultan, penerusan
sistem<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pentadbiran
tradisional dan pengenalan birokrasi Barat.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENGEKALAN
KEDUDUKAN SULTAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Perubahan yang berlaku dalam sistem pentadbiran di Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak
Bersekutu tidak mengubah kedudukan sultan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Sultan masih kekal sebagai puncak kuasa dalam pentadbiran negeri.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Sultan masih mempunyai kuasa terutama dalam hal berkaitan dengan agama Islam
dan adat istiadat Melayu.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENGEKALAN KEDUDUKAN
SULTAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Selain kedudukan sultan, kedudukan pembesar turut dikekalkan, meskipun bidang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">tugasnya
telah berubah.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pembesar tidak lagi<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> mengutip cukai dan
pajak seperti sebelum ini, sebaliknya diberikan elaun dan pencen.<o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENERUSAN SISTEM <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>PENTADBIRAN <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>TRADISIONAL<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Sistem pentadbiran tradisional seperti sistem Jemaah Menteri dan Majlis Negeri
dan peraturan yang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">terdapat
dalam Undang-Undang Tubuh Kerajaan diteruskan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pembesar Melayu menjadi peneraju sistem pentadbiran negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Pihak British turut membantu melalui peminjaman pegawai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">daripada
Perkhidmatan Awam Negeri negeri Melayu Bersekutu dan Negeri negeri Selat.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Negeri-negeri ini mempunyai sistem perkhidmatan awamnya sendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Kerajaan Kedah membuat perjanjian dengan kerajaan British yang menyatakan bahawa
semua jawatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">perkhidmatan
awam hendaklah diisikan dengan pegawai Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PENGENALAN <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>BIROKRASI <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>BARAT<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Penasihat British menentukan dasar pentadbiran negeri sehingga mengurangkan
kuasa sultan dan pembesar.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Jabatan-jabatan baharu turut diperkenalkan di setiap negeri.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pasukan
polis diwujudkan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
Urusan pentadbiran negeri mula mengamalkan cara Barat, mahkamah sivil
diperkenalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">dan
pegawai-pegawai British turut dibawa masuk sebagai pegawai pentadbiran
kerajaanBahasa Melayu hendaklah digunakan dalam segala urusan rasmi yang
berkaitan pentadbiran negara.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•
al ini diperkukuh dengan Akta Bahasa Kebangsaan 1963/67 dan dijelaskan melalui
Pekeliling<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bilangan
9 Tahun 2011, Panduan Penggunaan Bahasa Kebangsaan dalam Perkhidmatan Awam.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-65994080842304730532023-12-30T21:12:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:12:41.970-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 7<p> </p><div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">BAB 7- PENENTANGAN MASYARAKAT TEMPATAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Latar belakang</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Negara kita dijajah oleh kuasa
asing – Portugis, Belanda dan Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Masyarakat tempatan/ rakyat tidak
berpuas hati – kehilangan hak dan kedudukan/ hasil diambil / diperintah oleh
orang lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Cara penentangan – bersenjata/
mencabar perjanjian dan melalui undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kebanyakan penentang terdiri
daripada pemimpin tempatan/ golongan bangsawan/ pembesar tempatan/pemimpin agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">7.1 MATLAMAT <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-mempertahankan hak dan kedudukan
pemerintah tempatan/ pemerintahan barat merugikan mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">- mengembalikan dan mengekalkan
sistem pentadbiran tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-Menentang pentadbiran dan
peraturan baru yang menyusahkan rakyat</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Tokoh</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Naning
( Melaka ) – Penghulu Dol Said<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Sembilan – Yam Tuan Antah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pahang
– Dato Bahaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak
– Rentap / Sharif Masahor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah
– Mat Salleh/ Mat Sator<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l23 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kelantan
– Tok Janggut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Dol Said di Naning<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">DS Merupakan seorang
penghulu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">DS menentang bayaran cukai
hasil tahunan 1/10 oleh British <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menganggap Naning sebuah
negeri yang merdeka ( bukan dibawah pemerintahan Melaka/ Ing )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l25 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peristiwa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l25 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bekerjasama dengan
pemimpin Rembau/ wilayah lain <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>seri
Menanti / Sg Ujong/ Linggi/Johol<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l25 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kumpul 4000 orang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l25 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1831- dapat mengalahkan
Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l25 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing pecahkan kerjasama
DS dengan pembesar lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l25 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1832- Ing mengalahkan
DS- satukan Naning dengan Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Yam Tuan Antah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">YTA
ialah Yamtuan Seri Menanti ( pembesar )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menentang
campurtangan ing di Sg Ujong/ bimbang Ing akan menguasai Sg Ujong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengumpul
4000 pengikut menentang Dato Kelana ( yang disokong Ing )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">YTA
ditewaskan di Paroi dan Bukit Putus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1876-Ing
melantik YTA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>menjadi YT besar Seri
Menanti<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Dato Bahaman- Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merupakan
pembesar Temerloh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebab
menentang- hilang hak mengutip cukai/ pembinaan balai polis yang tidak mendapat
persetujuannya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1891-
bersama Tok Gajah dan Mat Kilau menentang Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1894-menawan
Kuala Tembeling dan Jeram Ampai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
menawan semula Jeram Ampai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">DB
TG MK berundur ke Kelantan dan Terengganu- tamat penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Rentap di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nama
asal – Libau/ rentap bermaksud penggoncang dunia/ gelaran raja ulu dan raja
darat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemimpin
kaum iban di Sg Skrang dan Sg Saribas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1853-
menyerang kubu Brooke di Nanga Skrang- membunuh pegawai JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1854-
JB menyerang Rentap di Sg Lang- Rentap lari ke Bukit Sadok<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1857-Charles
Brooke menyerang Bukit Sadok ( kali pertama/ kedua<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1861-
serangan ke Bukit Sadok kali ke 3- Rentap lari ke Entabai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Sharif Masahor di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SM
pembesar Sarikei/ kawasan Sg Rajang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1849-
Dilantik oleh Sultan Abdul Mumin ( Sultan Brunei )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebab
penentangan – Sarikei dimasukkan dalam pentadbiran Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mahu
mengusir JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peristiwa
– 1860 mengadakan pakatan sulit dengan Dato Patinggi Abdul Gapur dan Pangeran
Temenggung Hashim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengajak
orang Melayu dan dayak menyertainya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menyerang
Kuching<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dikalahkan
oleh JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo25; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SM
dibuang negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Tok Janggut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nama
sebenar – Haji Hassan Munas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mendapat
pendidikan pondok di Kelantan dan Mekah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebab
penentangan – menentang pentadbiran yang keras oleh Encik Abdul Latiff ketua
jajahan Pasir Puteh <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menentang
peraturan cukai 1915 ( cukai tanah )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melahirkan
semangat jihad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tindakan
– boikot / tidak patuh peraturan, rancang serang Pasir Puteh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l27 level1 lfo26; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
menyerang TJ – TJ mati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Mat Salleh di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">MS
berasal dari Inanam Sabah/ berketurunan bajau dan suluk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menentang
tindakan SBUB mengambil alih hak pungut cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berunding
dengan SBUB tetapi gagal- SBUB menganggap MS mengancam kepentingan mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Julai
1897- MS menyerang pusat pentadbiran Ing di Pulau Gaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nov
1897- menyerang Ambong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1898
– MS diberikan hak mentadbir Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1899
– SBUB menyerang MS di Teboh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo27; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1900
– MS mati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Mat Sator di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mat
Stor merupakan orang kanan/ ketua tentera Mat Salleh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemimpin
Kadazandusun di Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo28; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebab
penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memperjuangkan
kedaulatan tanah air<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">meneruskan
perjuangan selepas kematian Mat Salleh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peristiwa
penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mat
Sator membina kubu di Kg Kepayan Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tujuan
melambatkan pergerakan/ serangan oleh British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1900
British berusaha menamatkan kebangkitan Mat Sator dan Mat Salleh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mat
Sator dan pengikutnya berundur ke Sg sunsuron<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">April
1900 Mat Sator menawan Kudat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
menyerang – Mat Sator terkorban<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">2. Mencabar Perjanjian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dato’ Maharaja Lela ialah Orang
Besar Berlapan Perak yang mentadbir Pasir Salak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sebab Penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Beliau bangkit menentang British
kerana Residen British mengambil alih kuasa Sultan, pengambilan hak mengutip
cukai dan Residen British yang mencabuli adat resam orang Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Peristiwa Penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">16 Oktober 1874: Sultan Abdullah
dan pembesar Perak mengupah R.C Woods, peguam dari Pulau Pinang untuk
memansuhkan Perjanjian Pangkor. Namun usahanya gagal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Rentetan itu, beberapa mesyuarat
sulit diadakan antara Sultan Abdullah dengan pembesarnya bagi membincangkan
pakatan menghapuskan J.W.W Birch.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">2 November 1875: J.W.W Birch
diiringi oleh Leftenan Abbott, Mat Arshad, jurubahasanya dan sepasukan tentera
tiba di Pasir Salak untuk menampal perisytiharan mengambil hak memungut cukai
oleh British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kesempatan tersebut digunakan oleh
Dato’ Maharaja Lela dan pengikutnya untuk membunuh J.W.W Birch<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">2 November 1875: J.W.W Birch
dibunuh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1877: Dato’ Maharaja Lela, Dato’
Sagor, Pandak Indut dan Siputum dijatuhi hukuman gantung sampai mati oleh
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan Abdullah, Raja Ismail dan
Ngah Ibrahim dibuang negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">3. Menggunakan Sistem Perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Gerakan Kebangkitan Tani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 42.1pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ketua gerakan Kebangkitan Tani
ialah Haji Abdul Rahman atau Haji Abdul Rahman Limbong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 42.1pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Keluarganya berasal dari Patani
dan Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 42.1pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Lahir pada 1868 dan meninggal
dunia di Makkah pada 1929<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sebab Penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Beliau menentang pengenalan
pentadbiran Barat di Terengganu dan menolak undang-undang tanah yang berlawanan
dengan hukum syarak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Peristiwa Penentangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Beliau memohon Lesen Wakil
(pleader) untuk menjadi wakil kepada tertuduh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Beliau bertindak sebagai peguam
bagi mewakili penduduk Ulu Telemong menentang pihak kerajaan yang diwakili oleh
renjer hutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kegagalan pihak peguam cara dan
hakim menjelaskan pertanyaan Haji Abdul Rahman Limbong menyebabkan perbicaraan
ditangguhkan dan berakhir tanpa keputusan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Akhirnya, perbicaraan ditamatkan
dengan keputusan berpihak kepada beliau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Apabila berlaku Kebangkitan Tani
1928, British menangkap beliau atas tuduhan menghasut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Beliau dibicarakan dan dibuang
negeri ke Makkah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.2
Sistem pentadbiran barat memberikan kesan terhadap kuasa pemerintahan dan
kehidupan masyarakat tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
terhadap kuasa pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Sembilan – <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
memulakan penguasaan di Sg Ujong pada 1874 dengan menyebelahi Dato Kelana. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
menggugat dan mencabar kedudukan Yam Tuan Antah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
menguasai Rembau, Jelebu dan Seri Menanti- meletakkan majistret dan pemungut
cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1895-
menyatukan daerah menjadi negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melibatkan
penduduk tempatan dalam pentadbiran / bagi mengukuhkan kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbir
baru menggantikan pembesar tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hak
memungut cukai dihentikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memaksa
sultan melucutkan jawatan/gelaran Dato Bahaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JWWB
menekan sultan untuk tandatangan surat perisytiharan lantikan residen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
dan pembesar kehilangan kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
SBUB menggugat kedudukan Mat Salleh ( pembesar Sungai Sugut )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rundingan
awal SBUB membenarkan MS mentadbir Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SBUB
tidak menepati janji<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kelantan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
mengambil alih pentadbiran dengan cara melantik ketua jajahan yang baru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l26 level1 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l26 level2 lfo29; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pelantikan
penasihat Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perundangan
Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Naning<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
berusaha melaksanakan undang-undang Barat di Naning<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">TIndakan
British mencabar bidang kuasa penghakiman yang dimilki oleh Dol Said dan
menggangu sistem perundangan Naning yang berlandaskan Adat Perpatih<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembinaan
balai polis dan pelantikan Kapten Speedy sebagai Penolong Residen di Larut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ini
mengurangkan kuasa Menteri Ngah Ibrahim mentadbir kerana beliau diminta
menerima nasihat daripada Kapten Speedy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Konflik
antara Dato’ Bahaman dengan British di Pahang menjadi lebih serius apabila
British mendirikan balai polis di Lubuk Terua<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tindakan
British menyebabkan kedudukannya sebagai penguasa undang-undang tergugat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kewangan
Tempatan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perak <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembatalan pajakan pungutan cukai
dan larangan memngut cukai oleh JWW Birch di kuala sungai Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kesan – Sultan Abdullah, Menteri
Ngah Ibrahim dan pembesar terjejas pendapatan mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dengan pengenalan pegawai
Majistret dan pemungut cukai maka Dato Bahaman dan pembesar lain tidak
dibenarkan memungut cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mereka ditawarkan elaun bulanan
yang keci;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Tidak puas hati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Membantah – tidak akan mematuhi
keputusan majlis mesyuarat negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">2. Kesan Terhadap Kehidupan
Masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kesengsaraan kepada rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British memperkenalkan pelbagai
jenis cukai terhadap tanah, hasil hutan dan tumbuh-tumbuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">a) Cukai Terhadap Petani di Pasir
Puteh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sebelum Kedatangan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kutipan cukai berdasarkan jumlah
keluaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekiranya hasil tanaman sikit,
maka cukai yang dikenakan adalah rendah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Tanah yang tidak diusahakan
dikecualikan daripada cuka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Selepas Kedatangan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Setiap penduduk mesti melaporkan
jumlah keluasan sawah padi yang dimiliki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Setiap tanah yang mempunyai
keluasan 400 depa per segi dikenakan cukai sebanyak tiga kupang (30 sen)
setahun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">semua pemilik tanah diwajibkan
membayar cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>b) Masalah Membayar Cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penduduk Pasir Puteh, Kelantan
menghadapi masalah membayar cukai kerana pejabat bayaran cukai terletak jauh
dari tempat tinggal mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Bayaran cukai hanya boleh
dijelaskan semasa waktu pejabat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penduduk yang enggan membayar
cukai ditangkap dan didenda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Keadaan ini menyebabkan penduduk
semakin benci kepada British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">c) Bercanggah dengan Nilai
Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British melaksanakan beberapa
perubahan baharu dalam pentadbiran yang bertentangan dengan nilai tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Contoh: penduduk Terengganu
memerlukan surat kebenaran untuk mengambil hasil hutan, membuka tanah untuk
petempatan atau berhuma<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Cukai mesti dibayar di pejabat
tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mereka yang gagal mematuhi
peraturan akan didenda dan jika gagal membayar denda akan dipenjarakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">d) Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1894 – DJS Bailey ( pegawai Brooke
di Simanggang mengenakan cukai terhadap orang Iban di Ulu Batang Lupar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mengeluarkan arahan memusnahkan
rumah panjang yang dibina di kawasan sempadan Sarawak dengan Kalimantan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Orang Iban membantah- kerana
menjejaskan kegiatan tanaman pindah mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Semasa melalui sempadan – barangan
mereka dirampas kerana dikatakan tidak membayar cukai/ dan didenda 10 kati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 702px;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 526.5pt;" valign="top" width="702">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e)
Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> SBUB memperkenalkan
pelbagai jenis cukai yang membebankan rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 526.5pt;" valign="top" width="702">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 526.5pt;" valign="top" width="702">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">f)
Layanan Tidak Adil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SABAH
– <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pentadbiran SBUB menindas orang Murut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">mereka diilarang membuka tanah baru untuk pertanian pindah
atau membuat rumah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">akibatnya orang murut kekurangan bekalan makanan/beras<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">orang murut dikenakan bayaran menyukat tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pasangan suami isteri dipisahkan / rumah- jika ingin
berjumpa dikenakan denda 1 dolar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">peraturan menyulitkan kehidupan masyarakat murut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 526.5pt;" valign="top" width="702">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.3
Penentangan masyarakat tempatan terhadap kuasa barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kebangkitan
masyarakat tempatan menetang British mempunyai kekuatan dan kelemahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Kekuatan</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Muafakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dato
Maharaja Lela<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1874 Sultan Abdullah, Ngah Ibrahim ,
Dato Maharaja Lela, Dato Sagor dan pembesar Melayu yang lain mengadakan
pakatan sulit untuk menghapuskan JWW Birch<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Julai 1875 mesyuarat penting di
Kampung Durian Sebatang- sumpah setia/ ikrar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>September 1875mesyuarat du rumah
Dato Sagor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pembunuhan JWW Birch<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sharif
masahor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Berjaya menyerang Kanowit dengan
bantuan Dato Patinggi Abdul Ghafur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Berjaya membunuh 2 pegawai British-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594"></td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Kubu Pertahanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594"></td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-row-margin-right: 81.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Yam
tuan antah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berjaya mematahklan serangan British pada peringkat awal
penentangan kerana kekuatan kubu di Paroi dan Bukit Putus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kubu terletak di kawasan bukt- sukar ditembusi/ dikeliling
hutan tebal / sukar dijejaki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rentap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berjaya mematahkan serangan brooke sebanyak 2 kali <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempunyai kubu yang kuat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kubu dikelilingi hutan dan bukit batu kapur/ kayu berlian
/ tak dapat ditembusi peluru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rentap guna meriam diperbuat daripada besi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mat
sator<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempunyai kubu terletak di Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kubu sangat strategik – dekat dengan sungai/ boleh
meninjau kegiatan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-cell-special: placeholder; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;" width="108"><p class="MsoNormal"> </p></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Persenjataan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dol
Said:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memperoleh
bantuan angkatan tentera dari Rembau dan wilayah yang menjadi jiran Naning<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Angkatan
tersebut menggunakan senapang jenis flintlock dan snider riffles ketika membuat
serangan hendap terhadap tentera British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggunakan
meriam kecil (lela rentaka) yang mudah dibawa ke medan pertempuran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d)
Perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Haji
Abdul Rahman Limbong:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memohon
lesen pleader umtuk membela para petani Terengganu di mahkamah dengan
menggunakan hujah agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menyatakan
bahawa tanah yang dikerjakan oleh mereka ialah “Hak Allah SWT” dan rakyat bebas
mengerjakannya tanpa perlu membayar cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berhujah,
sistem percukaian yang diperkenalkan oleh British adalah berlawanan dengan
hukum syarak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menuntut
hak mengerjakan tanah harus mengikut hukum agama Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Kelemahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Penentangan Bersenjata</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 594px;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Yamtuan
antah pejuang terbilang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British menggunakan meriam besar menghancurkan kubu di
Paroi dan Bukit Putus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 45.0pt; mso-list: l16 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">YTA berundur ke Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rentap
Wira Bukit Sadok<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB berjaya menewaskan Rentap dalam serangan ke tiga pada
tahun 1861<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mereka menggunakan meriam tembaga dan angkatan tentera
yang lebih besar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menawan Bukit Sadok<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rentap melarikan diri ke Entabai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Ancaman Perundangan Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hj Abdul Rahman Limbung pejuang masyarakat tani di
Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">kebangkitan di Telemong – petani menentang peraturan baru
dengan memberikan tanah tanpa mengambil pas kebenaran pada tahun 1922<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1925-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>seramai
300-500 petani berkumpul di kuala Telemong dan membersihkan 200 ekar tanah
milik Tengku Nik Maimunah dan 400 ekar tanah kerajaan tanpa pas kebenaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kebangkitan
tahun 1929<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
berlaku Kebangkitan Tani di Marang , Kuala Telemong dan Kuala Berang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
mereka isytihar perang terhadap Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
duduki balai polis, bangunan kerajaan dan kibar bendera merah di Kuala Berang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
ing tangkap HARL/ dibicarakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
HARL dibuang negeri ke Makah atas kesalahan menghasut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Gagal Mentafsir Perjanjian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><em><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dato’
Maharaja Lela Pahlawan Melayu:</span></em><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan dan pembesar Perak cuba mencabar Perjanjian Pangkor
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Usaha membatalkan perjanjian tersebut perlu mendapat sokongan
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 38.7pt; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo24; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar Melayu tidak diberikan masa yang cukup untuk
meniliti Perjanjian Pangkor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 445.5pt;" valign="top" width="594">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> d)
Tipu Muslihat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tok
Janggut Pejuang Jihad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>British desak sultan istiharkan Tok
Janggut sebagai penderhaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Rakyat berasa takut / tidak
menyokong/ menyertai perjuangan Tok Janggut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mat
Salleh pahlawan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SBUB menggunakan tipu muslihat untuk
melemahkan perjuangan beliau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1898 MS dibenarkan mentadbir wilayah
tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1899- SBUB ambil alih pentadbiran
Tambunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Kegagalan Penentangan Masyarakat Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebab-sebab
Kegagalan:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Penentangan bersifat setempat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sokongan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Faktor istana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>British berpakat dengan belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kelemahan strategi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">•<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kelemahan teknologi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
Terhadap Pentadbir British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kerugian
akibat peperangam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Rugi 100000 paun – Perang Naning,
400000 Perang Perak, 7000 Perang Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemantapan
kuasa barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>British menguasai seluruh negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dinasti Brooke meluaskan pengaruh dan
kuasa di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SBUB menguasai Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
lebih berhati-hati dalam seitem pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>British melantik residen yang
berpengalaman/ bijak/ fasih berbahasa Melayu/ pandai<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mengambil hati dan tahu adat resam penduduk
tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menubuhkan MMN yang ahlinya dilantik
oleh sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>MMN menasihati sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
merombak semula skim penempatan pegawai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pentadbir/pemerintah mengetahui adat
istiadat Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menubuhkan Kolej Melayu Kuala Kangsar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Membenarkan golongan aristokrat Melayu
memasuki perkhidmatan awam – MCS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menubuhkan perkhidmatan pentadbir Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.4
KESAN TERHADAP MASYARAKAT TEMPATAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
kepada pemerintah dan pembesar tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kehilangan jawatan dan kedudukan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Kehilangan jiwa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ramai dibuang negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kedudukan raja dan pembesar Melayu diberi
perhatian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
memperkenalkan Durbar ( persidangan majlis raja-raja )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Durbar
memberikan peluang kepada sultan, ahli mesyuarat negeri dan pembesar Melayu
menyuarakan pandangan mereka dengan bebas berkaitan perkara yang melibatkan
kepentingan bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dalam
persidangan Majlis mesyuarat negeri, bahasa Melayu menjadi bahasa rasmi
persidangan dan menggunakan tulisan jawi dalam urusan surat menyurat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi
inspirasi kepada pejuang kemerdekaan tanah air<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Keberanian mereka menjadi inspirasi
kepada pejuang bangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Memberikan semangat kepada pejuang
kemerdekaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-20496721567449743802023-12-30T21:10:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:10:54.231-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 6<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">BAB
6 – KESAN PENTADBIRAN BARAT TERHADAP EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">6.1
pengenalan ekonomi moden oleh kuasa barat di negara kita</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ciri
ekonomi moden</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Modal
yang besar ( industri lombong dan ladang )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memerlukan
tanah yang luas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggunakan
teknologi moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penggunaan
tenaga buruh yang ramai</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Perlombongan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Emas
– Raub, Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Arang
batu – Batu Arang, Selangor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bijih
timah – Lukut/ Sungai Ujong/ Larut/Klang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1888
– Ing buka lombong terbesar di Sg Lembing Pahang/ Ampang dan Lembah Kinta<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Permintaan
bijih timah<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tinggi di pasaran dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penubuhan
syarikat perlombongan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1829 orang Cina mula melombong emas di
Bau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Charles Brooke memberikan hak monopoli
melombong antimoni kepada syarikah Borneo Berhad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1910 – jumpaan petroleum di Miri-
penubuhan kilang menapis minyak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Antimoni – di Bau , Kuching<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Arang batu - Sadong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1910- petroleum di jumpai di Miri-
mendidikan kilang penapis minyak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Melombong emas di Sg Segama oleh orang
Cina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pemodal dari eropah dibawa masuk
menggunakan teknologi moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perlombongan
– arang batu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">b)
</span><b style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pertanian Komersial</b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Penanaman
lada hitam, buah pala dan cengkih di Pulau Pinang dan Singapura – hasil
dieksport</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemodal
– dari negeri Selat- penanaman tebu / pengeluaran gula di Seberang Perai dan
Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1830-
penanaman kopi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1917-
kelapa sawit mula ditanam di selangor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kelapa
sawit ditanam dengan meluas di Johor dan Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1920-TM
mula mengeksport minyak kelapa sawit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penanaman
ubi kayu – Melaka, Negeri Sembilan dan Selangor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tanaman
the – Cameron Highlands- teh Ceylon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syarikat
terlibat – Sime Darby dan Guthrie<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sarawak
– penanaman lada hitan- di Kuching/ Serian/ Sarikei</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perusahaan
sagu ( dari pokok rumbia )- di Sungai Igan Oya, Mukah dan Bintulu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SBUB mempopularkan tanaman tembakau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Menerima pasaran yang baik di eropah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">C)
GETAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Perusahaan
getah berkembang pesat berikutan kejatuhan harga kopi di pasaran dunia</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Banyak
pelabur membuka ladang getah – Guthrie/Sime Darby/ United Plantation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ladang
dibuka di Perak/Selangor/ Negeri Sembilan/ Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Teknologi
perlombongan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penggunaan
kapal korek<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pertanian</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l6 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Orang
india – mengatasi masalah kekurangan buruh diladang getah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l6 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kemasukan
orang Cina didorong oleh Charles Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l6 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebagai
buruh ladang 1901/ lombong antimoni dan emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l6 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Orang
jawa – ladang getah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
orang Cina dibawa masuk<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ke Sabah untuk
bekerja di ladang tembakau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kemudian
– pekerja lombong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6.2
Pentadbiran barat berkaitan dengan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perundangan
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengenalan
akta tanah simpanan Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Di
Sarawak – Land Order<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Di
Sabah – Perlindungan hak peribumi berkaitan hak milik tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Buruh
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
membawa masuk buruh dari China dan India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Buruh
China – lombong bijih timah( Sistem Kontrak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Buruh
India- ladang getah- Sistem Kangani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
kewangan dan insurans<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ing
memperkenalkan mata wang perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penubuhan
bank dan syarikat insurans<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">6.3
Kesan ekonomi akibat pentadbiran di negara kita</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.
pengangkutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1885- 1896- landasan kereta api – menghubungkan kawasan lombong dan pelabuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pembinaan jalan raya-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hubungkan kawasan
lombong dengan kawasan pertanian ( KL – Pelabuhan Klang )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
di sarawak – kurang jalan raya sebab masalah bentuk muka bumi yang berbukit/
paya dan sungai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pengangkutan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>udara/ kapal wap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pelabuhan – Pelabuhan Pulau Pinang/ Port Weld/ Port Dickson/ Klang/ Kuching/
Labuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
telekomunikasi – pos/telegraf/telefon/ radio<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">6.4
kesan sosial akibat perkembangan ekonomi di negara kita</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;">6.4 KESAN SOSIAL AKIBAT PERKEMBANGAN EKONOMI NEGARA
KITA</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Perkembangan bandar</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perkembangan sistem
jalanraya/kereta api/ pelabuhan mewujudkan bandar baru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Berlaku perkembangan bandar –
menjadi pusat pentadbiran/kewangan/ pendidikan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Contoh –Kuala Lumpur, Seremban,
Taiping,IpohKuching,Sibu, Kota Kinabalu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penduduk bertambah kerana berlaku
penghijrahan dari penduduk luar bandar ke bandar</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Pembentukan masyarakat berbilang
kaum</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Orang Melayu- berada di kawasan
kampung/ menjadi petani, nelayan, perusahaan, pentadbir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Orang Cina- ramai di bandar,
peniaga, pertanian, perusahaan, perbankan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Orang India- berada di ladang.
Menjadi petani,pekerja sektor pengangkutan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perkembangan pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah vernakular Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British tidak mahu memajukan orang
Melayu dalam pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahu orang Melayu pandai
baca,tulis dan kira sahaja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah pertama – 1819 di Pulau
Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iv.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kolej Melayu Kuala Kangsar
didirikan pada 1905 untuk anak-anak raja dan bangsawan- untuk menjadi pegawai
tadbir Melayu di pejabat kerajaan Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah vernakular Cina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah didirikan di kawasan
bandar dan tempat tinggal mereka oleh masyarakat Cina sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Buku/guru/ sukatan dari negara
China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah pertama – 1936 di Ipoh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah vernakular Tamil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ordinan buruh 1912 mewajibkan
pemilik ladang membuka sekolah untuk anak-anak pekerja ladang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hanya peringkat sekolah rendah
sahaja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Guru/buku/sukatan dari negara
India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah pertama Penang Free School
1816<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Didirikan di kawasan bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Berpeluang melanjutkan pelajaran
ke luar negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>iv.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Boleh menjawat jawatan tinggi di
pejabat Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>i.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembinaan maktab perguruan –
melatih calon guru untuk sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level3 lfo2; mso-text-indent-alt: -9.0pt; text-indent: -1.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span>ii.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sekolah didirikan oleh mubaligh di
Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perkhidmatan kesihatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembinaan hospital dan klinik
kesihatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Merawat pesakit ladang/lombong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">5. pembinaan penjara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">- Penjara Taiping – pusat
penanahan banduan hukuman lama<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-91868203039712608132023-12-30T21:07:00.001-08:002023-12-30T21:08:23.987-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 5<p> <span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;">BAB 5 PENTADBIRAN BARAT
DI SABAH DAN SARAWAK</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.1 LATAR BELAKANG
PEMERINTAHAN TEMPATAN DI SARAWAK DAN SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Sistem Pemerintahan Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a) Sistem Kesukuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pegangan
dan kepatuhan kepada adat masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
kesukuan Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-Melanau
– Ketua Masyarakat Digelar Menteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Bidayuh – sumber autoriti ialah Tua Kampung<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
patuh pada adat- Iban/Bidayuh/Kenyah/Kelabit/ Kayan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Kenyah – ketua-peran lepo/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Kayan – kelunan maren<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
ketua dipilih melalui kebolehan peribadi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
tugas pemimpin – selesai masalah/ pertelingkahan/mengekalkan keharmonian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Iban –pemimpin ialah tuai rumah/ ada autoriti/kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
kesukuan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi
alat kawalan sosial <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peranan
Orang Tua – mengekalkan keharmonian/ keamanan/kesejahteraan masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Masyarakat-Kadazan/Dusun/Murut/Bajau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bajau
– Matoo’a- pelindung adat dan kepentingan masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengandungi
majlis kampung dan tukang adat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tukang
adat memastikan adat dilakukan dengan betul bagi mengelakkan bencana/ mudarat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Majlis
kampung membantu Orang Tua dalam menguruskan adat dan kehidupan seharian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Sistem Pentadbiran tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengaruh
Kesultanan Brunei ketara di Sarawak dan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wujud
pengaruh Kesultanan Sulu di bahagian Pantai Timur Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
kedatuan di sawarak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l8 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: 63.0pt; text-indent: -63.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merupakan
sistem pentadbiran tradisi/ tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l8 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: 63.0pt; text-indent: -63.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berpusat
di sekitar sungai Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l8 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: 63.0pt; text-indent: -63.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berkuasa
mentadbir tanpa campurtangan kuasa asing/brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l8 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: 63.0pt; text-indent: -63.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gelaran
– Datu Patinggi/ Datu Bendahara, Datu Temenggung<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-list: l8 level3 lfo14; tab-stops: 63.0pt; text-indent: -63.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tugas
– mentadbir dan memajukan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sistem pemerintahan di sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
pantai barat dikuasai Sultan Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berasaskan penguasaan
tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran oleh
pembesar tempatan/ wakili sultan/ pengeran/ pembesar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
pantai timur dikuasai Sultan Sulu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan memiliki semua
tanah/ pengaruh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Datu mewakili sultan
dalam memerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Datu memiliki
hamba/pengikut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SISTEM
KETUA BEBAS DI SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
bebas – apabila wujudnya seorang yang berani/ perwira/tokoh yang boleh melawan
sultan di kawasannya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kadangkala
terdiri daripada kerabat diraja Sulu atau Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bertanggungjawab
menjalankan pentadbiran di kawasan masing-masing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempunyai
peraturan/undang-undang sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tidak
mengiktiraf kuasa Sultan Sulu/Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">6.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Contoh
Syarif Osman di Marudu dan Datu Kerunding- menguasai kawasan Tungku<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.2
PELUASAN KUASA REJIM BROOKE DI SARAWAK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
kuasa di lakukan oleh pihak persendirian- James Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tertarik
untuk menguasai Sarawak kerana kaya dengan sagu, antimoni dan emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Alasan
perpecahan politik dan kegiatan pelanunan digunakan oleh James Brooke untuk
kuasai Sarawak daripada Kesultanan Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak
Ketika Kehadiran James Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
Sungai Sarawak merupakan kawasan ekonomi yang penting<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
Brunei menghantar Pengiran Indera Mahkota ke kawasan ini sebagai pembesar
Brunei untuk menguasai ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1820: Masyarakat Melayu bertumpu di Lidah Tanah yang terletak di sekitar Sungai
Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
ini menjadi pusat perdagangan dan pentadbiran kerana strategik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mampu
mengawal kegiatan perdagangan sungai dan kawasan pedalaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">6.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beberapa
individu yang terlibat dalam percaturan politik dan pemerintahan di Sarawak
antara 1830-an hingga 1840-an:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">7.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
Omar Ali Saifuddin ( sultan Brunei )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1827- sultan menguasai
sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mahu menguasai kegiatan
perdagangan di sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Lantik Pangeran Indera
Mahkota menjadi pentabdir di Kuching<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PIM mengenakan cukai
yang tinggi dan melakukan kerahan tenaga<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berlaku perbalahan
antara PIM dengan pembesar tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Datu
Patinggi Ali mengetuai pembebasan sarawak daripada Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">8.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pangeran
Raja Muda Hashim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dihantar oleh Sultan
Brunei untuk menyelesaikan masalah perbalahan DPA dengan PIM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berusaha memujuk DPA dan
pembesar mematuhi pemerintahan Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gagal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Minta bantuan James
Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">9.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">James
Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berusaha mendapatkan
sarawak <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merupakan pedagang/
mendapat sokongan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menerima pelawaan PRMH
untuk mententeramkan Kuching<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syarat pertolongan –
PRMH mesti serahkan sarawak kepada JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">10.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Datu
Patinggi Ali<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar tempatan di
Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1836- menentang
pemerintahan / wakil sultan Brunei/ SB di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bersetuju berunding
dengan JB untuk menamatkan penentangan terhadap SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SISTEM PENTADBIRAN DI
SARAWAK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dipengaruhi
sistem kesultanan Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemerintahan
dibahagikan kepada 3 – sungai kerajaan/ sungai tulis/ sungai kuripan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
dijalankan oleh pembesar tempatan/ jadi wakil sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
di sungai sarawak di tadbir Datu Patinggi/ Datu Bandar Dan Datu Temenggung sebagai
wakil sb<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar
lain – orang kaya <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">6.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kuasa
SB berasaskan penguasaan tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2. James Brooke Mendapatkan Kuasa
Pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Rundingan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">James
Brooke berunding dengan Pengiran Raja Muda Hashim apabila diminta untuk
menyelesaikan pertelingkahan yang berlaku di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dalam
rundingan Pengiran Raja Muda Hashim menawarkan Sarawak kepada James Brooke dan
tawaran ini dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali sebelum James Brooke menerimanya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Ugutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB
mengugut PRMH yang enggan menyerahkan sarawak kepadanya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mahu
menyerang bandar Kuching<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PRMH
setuju<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengugut
SB secara tidak langsung-pergi ke Brunei dengan angkatan tentera laut British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mahu
mengesahkan kehadiran JB/Ing di sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SB
terpaksa setuju menyerahkan S kepada JB/British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 624px;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 219.8pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="height: 219.8pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 6.5in;" valign="top" width="624">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Perjanjian</span></u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dua perjanjian terpenting berlaku pada tahun 1841 dan 1842<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB memerintah S dan menguasai hasilnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memelihara undang-undang dan adat Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1842<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SB serah kawasan Tanjung Datu – Sg Samarah kepada JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB beri ufti 2500 dolar kepada SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB tak campurtangan dalam halehwal adat dan agama penduduk
tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan yang diserah tidak boleh pindah milik kepada kuasa
lain tanpa kebenaran SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l19 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SB iktiraf JB sebagai Raja Putih Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 6.5in;" valign="top" width="624">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">James Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempunyai kekuatan tentera- sokongan tentera British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kapal perang British menghancurkan kubu Iban di Sg Sribas
dan Sg Skrang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menentang kebangkita orang tempatan – anggap orang
tempatan sebagai lanun/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menerima sokongan penduduk tempatan –orang Melayu/
sebagaian iban<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pertelingkahan penduduk tempatan – memecahkan sokongan
penduduk tempatan di Mukah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Kronologi Peluasan Kuasa Dinasti Brooke<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1841-
kuasai Kuching/Tanjung Datu/ Sg Samarah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Batang
Lupar/ Sg Saribas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1853-
mengalahkan penentangan orang Iban di Saribas dan Batang Lupar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menguasai
Sadong, Kalaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1861-
SB serahkan Sg Rajang kepada JB dengan bayaran 4500 dolar ( Oya,Mukah,Tatau,
Bintulu )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1883
– menguasai Baram setelah menewaskan orang Kayan – bayaran 4300 dolar setahun
kepada SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1885
– Sg Trusan bayaran 4500<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1890
– Limbang- bayaran 600 kepada SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1905-
lawas <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.3
PERLUASAN KUASA SBUB DI SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 642px;">
<tbody><tr style="height: .05in; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="height: .05in; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 481.5pt;" valign="top" width="642">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedudukan Strategik Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berada di laluan perdagangan antara China dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Laluan kapal dagang – Pulau Palawan/ China/Jepun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merupakan kawasan dagangan asia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mempunyai kawasan pelabuhan semulajadi ( dalam/ terlindung
daripada angin )/ memudahkan kapal berlabuh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kekayaan
Ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Banyak
bahan dagangan / pedagang asing ramai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Produk
– sarang burung /rotan/getah perca/gamat/sirip ikan yu- menjadi bahan dagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarang
burung dapat permintaan tinggi dari China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tanaman
– indigo ( pewarna / mahal )dan kapas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l18 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penanaman
indigo dan kapas – kawasan dataran dan lembah/ mengiatkan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah
Sebelum Penguasaan Syarikat Borneo Utara British (SBUB)<o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sebelum
pertapakan dan peluasan kuasa SBUB,
kawasan telah dimiliki oleh British iaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pulau Labuan dan Pulau Balambangan ( 1763 )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB
mahu meluaskan kuasa – buat perjanjian dengan SB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1846-
SB serahkan Labuan kepada JB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB
tumpaskan lanun dan melindungi perdagangan mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo19; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">JB
dilantik menjadi Gabenor di Labuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pertapakan
SBUB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 642px;">
<tbody><tr style="height: .05in; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="height: .05in; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 481.5pt;" valign="top" width="642">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1865
– SB sewakan Sabah kepad Charles Lee Moses selama setahun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1978-
SB sewakan pantai timur sabah kepada Alfred dan Edward Dent ( peniaga )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1881-
British North Borneo di tubuhkan . mendapat status piagam/ charter<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1888
– Borneo Utara menjadi naungan British/ memerintah sehingga 1942<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa SBUB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Dua Matlamat Utama SBUB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembangunan
Ekonomi melalui eksploitasi sumber yang terdapat di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melindungi
serta mempetahankan hak-hak masyarakat tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Melalui piagam ini, SBUB mempunyai kuasa
mentadbir Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sir
Rutherford Alcock menjadi presiden prtama, manakala Alfred Dent dilantik
sebagai pengarah urusan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kuasa
sebenar syarikat terletak di tangan kalangan pemodal di London<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Di
Sabah, sistem birokrasi yang diterajui oleh Gabenor dibentuk bagi memastikan
usaha syarikat untuk mengaut keuntungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabenor
pertama William Hood Treacher (1881-1887)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Chapter
: Pentadbiran Barat di Sarawak dan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Topic
: Pentadbiran Barat di Sarawak dan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.4 BENTUK PENTADBIRAN
BARAT DI SARAWAK DAN SABAH <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemantapan
Pentadbiran Barat di Sarawak dan Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a) Pembahagian Wilayah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
Dinasti Brooke menyusun semula sistem pentadbiran dengan membuat pembahagian
terhadap wilayah-wilayah yang dikuasai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mentadbir
menggunakan bahagian- awal 3 kemudian 5 bahagian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tujuan
memudahkan pentadbiran ( sarawak negeri yang besar )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SBUB
melaksanakan pembahagian residensi- pantai Timur / Sandakan dan pantai Barat/
Jesselton<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1992-
5 residensi- Kudat/ pantai Barat/ pedalaman/ Pantai timur dan Tawau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ada
17 daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
residensi- residen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
daerah- pegawai daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Pengekalan Pembesar Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SARAWAK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dinasti
Brooke melibatkan kalangan pembesar tempatan dalam sistem pentadbiran atas nama
dasar amanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dasar
ini digunakan bagi mengisi kekurangan pegawai-pegawai Eropah yang jumlahnya
kecil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penglibatan
orang tempatan seperti kalangan Datu, iaitu Datu Patinggi, Datu Bandar, Datu
Temenggung serta dua jawatan baru, iaitu Datu Imam dan Datu Hakim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketika
zaman Charles Vyner Brooke, beberapa gelaran diwujudkan, iaitu Datu Menteri,
Datu Pahlawan, Datu Bentara dan Datu Amar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Para
pembesar tidak lagi dibenarkan mengutip cukai, sebaliknya diberikan gaji dan
peranan membantu pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengekalkan
semua undang-undang temaptan dan adat yang tidak bercanggah dengan sistem barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Untuk
kecekapan dan pentadbiran yang baik, SBUB membahagikan ketua peribumi kepada
ketua yang diakui dan yang tidak diakui<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
Anak Negeri yang diakui diserapkan ke dalam sistem pentadbiran SBUB dan dibayar
gaji, sementara Ketua Anak Negeri yang tidak diakui tidak dibayar gaji<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Institusi
peribumi yang utama ialah Institusi Ketua Anak Negeri, Ketua Kampung dan
Mahkamah Anak Negeri <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
bergaji akan memelihara keamanan dan peraturan serta mengutip cukai kepala dan
mentadbir keadilan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
Anak Negeri yang juga digelar Orang Kaya-Kaya (O.K.K) membantu Pegawai Daerah
menjalankan pentadbiran pada peringkat daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
Anak Negeri juga dilantik menjadi hakim di Mahkamah Anak Negeri dan bertugas
dalam menjaga keamanan daerah mereka, memungut cukai dan mengurus pentadbiran
pengadilan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Pentadbiran yang Berhierarki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
Brooke mengetuai pentadbiran dan dibantu Majlis Tertinggi dan Majlis Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
mengetuai pentadbiran bahagian (Kuching/ Sibu/ Simanggang/Marudi/ Lawas )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pegawai
daerah- mengetuai setiap daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penghulu
– ketua kampung<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo20; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sabah
– ketua SBUB – Gabenor dibantu oleh Majlis Penasihat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d)
Pentadbiran Berasaskan Kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> SARAWAK<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dinasti
Brooke mengamalkan sistem pecah dan perintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3
kategori masyarakat dikelompokkan iaitu Melayu, Iban dan Cina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Orang
Melayu dalam pentadbiran, orang Cina dalam ekonomi dan orang Iban dalam
keselamatan dan ketenteraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Charles
Brooke mewujudkan jawatan tertinggi masyarakat Iban iaitu Temenggung<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo21; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bagi
orang Cina diwujudkan jawatan Kapitan dan Kangcu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SABAH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbir
dikenali sebagai Penolong Pegawai Daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
berasaskan peribumi di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
etnik berperanan dan dipilih berdasarkan personaliti dan kepakaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo22; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memberi
kesan kepada pentadbiran kerajaan peringkat tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e)
Perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">mahkamah di sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah diwujudkan – raja dibantu
oleh ketua majistret<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Undang-undang 8 perkara di
perkenalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah residen – residen sebagai
majistret<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah adat- mengadili kesalahan
masyarakat tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l12 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -31.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah kaum Cina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah Di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo23; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menggunakan undang-undang barat
dan tempatan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mahkamah
majistret ( pegawai daerah ) dan mahkamah anak negeri ( ketua anak negeri )</span>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-66844109275313861262023-12-30T21:07:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:07:06.236-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 4<p> <span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;">BAB 4 PENTADBIRAN
NEGERI-NEGERI MELAYU TIDAK BERSEKUTU</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.1 PEMERINTAHAN
KESULTANAN MELAYU DI PERLIS, KEDAH, KELANTAN, TERENGGANU DAN JOHOR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Pemerintahan Kesultanan Melayu di Perlis,
Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu dan Johor <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 1. Pemerintahan Kesultanan Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Membentuk
sistem pentadbiran yang tersusun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Diwarisi
sejak turun temurun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> a) Kerajaan Perlis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Asal -merupakan wilayah kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1842- menjadi wilayah sendiri,
diiktiraf oleh siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbiran <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 120.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: 22.5pt; text-indent: -120.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Raja terkenal Raja Syed hussin
Jamalullail</span><u><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 120.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: 22.5pt; text-indent: -120.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Dibahagikan
kepada 22 mukim</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Hubungan luar<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dengan siam<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kesan – mengelakkan negeri diganggu
oleh kuasa lain<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Berdasarkan undang-undang kesultanan Kedah
sebagai rujukan<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Menekankan kebajikan rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Kesultanan Kedah<o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Bermula mulai abad 7 ( antara
kerajaan terawal )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Islam memasuki Kedah mulai abad ke
12<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pemerintah pertama menggunakan
gelaran sultan – Sultan Mudzaffar Shah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbiran <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan mengetuai pemerintahan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ada undang-undang yang kemas dan
teratur</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mewujudkan pentadbiran wilayah dan
pembesar daerah</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penghulu mengetuai pentadbiran
mukim</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pada abad ke 19 terdapat 128 mukim
di Kedah</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hubungan
luar</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ada hubungan dengan Siam sebagai satu cara
mengelakkan ancaman dari Burma</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cara hubungan - Hubungan diplomatik –pentadbiran
dan kewangan </span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perundangan</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1650
kanun undang-undang Kedah ditulis</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ada
5 bab – undang-undang, adat kebesaran, adat meminang, peranan orang besar dll</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Kesultanan Kelantan</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1776-1794 Long Yunos menyatukan
kerajaan Kelantan- bergelar Yang dipertuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1812 membuat perjanjian dengan
Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mendapat anugerah dari Siam ( Phya
Pipit Pak di)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mendapat pengaruh dari Siam
sehingga 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbiran <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan dibantu oleh pembesar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ada sistem jemaah menteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Membahagikan pentadbiran kepada
beberapa jajahan – 3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ketua kampung – Tok Kweng<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hubungan luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hubungan dengan Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Negeri lain –
Terengganu/kedah/patani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perundangan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">melaksanakan undang-undang syarak
/ berasaskan Islam semasa pemerintahan Sultan Muhammad II<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">membolehkan negeri aman- memajukan
perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d) Kesultanan Terengganu</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pengasas Sulyan Zainal Abidin I
1708-1733<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Membawa kemajuan dan memelihara
kedaulatan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Antara negeri terakhir menerima
penasihat British ( berbanding negeri Melayu yang lain )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">pentadbiran <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan dibantu pembesar dalam
urusan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ada sistem penghulu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbir yang berkebolehan –
Tengku Musa, Tuan Hitam, CVhe Abdul Rahim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sistem Jemaah Mesyuarat Kerajaan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">hubungan luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjalinkan hubungan dengan Siam
sejak abad ke 18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Juga – Kelantan, Patani dan Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kesan – negeri diakui berdaulat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">perundangan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sejak pemerintahan Sultan Zainal
Abidin 1 sistem perundangan dan kehakiman berasaskan prinsip keadailan Islam
dilaksanakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Semasa pemerintahan SZA III Tengku
Musa dilantik menjadi Ketua Jabatan Mahkamah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1911 undang-undang diri kerajaan
negeri digubal dan diamalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hakim – berkebolehan dan mempunyai
pengetahuan agama yang luas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">e. Kesultanan Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Jurai keturunan johor berakhir
pada 1699 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Johor diperintah oleh keturunan
Bendahara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Konflik politik membolehkan
keturunan Temenggung Daeng Ibrahim menjadi pemerintah Johor seterusnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1885 Daeng Abu Bakar menjadi
sultan Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbiran <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-MAB- Johor mencapai zaman
pemodenan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">- mengasaskan pentadbiran moden –
mewujudkan Majlis Jemaah Diraja Johor, jemaah menteri dan Jabatan kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">- melantik pembesar Dato Seri Amar
di Raja, Dato Bentara membantu sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">- mewujudkan jawatan Menteri Besar
dan Setiausaha kerajaan untuk melicinkan pentadbiran</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Hubungan luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Maharaja Abu Bakar menjalinkan
hubungan dengan negeri Melayu yang lain ( Terengganu, Perak, Pahang dan
Selangor )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">MAB menjalinkan hubungan dengan
negara luar- Eropah/ Jepun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Tahun 1895 Undang-undang Tubuh
Kerajaan Johor digunakan sebagai aturan pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">4.2 Peluasan Kuasa British di
Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan dan Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sebelum kehadiran British, empat
negeri ini berhadapan pengaruh Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kedudukan strategik dan kemakmuran
negeri menarik perhatian British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British tidak dapat meluaskan
kuasanya selagi di bawah naungan Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Faktor Peluasan Kuasa British di
Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan dan Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> a) Kedudukan yang Strategik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kedudukan Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan
dan Terengganu penting kepada perdagangan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kelantan dan Terengganu strategik
di laluan perdagangan di antara Siam dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">b) Menghalang Kemasukan Kuasa
Barat lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Negeri-negeri Perlis, Kedah,
Kelantan dan Terengganu meurpakan penampan usaha kuasa-kuasa Barat lain untuk
campur tangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Antara kuasa Barat tersebut
termasuklah Perancis, Jerman, Amerika Syarikat dan Rusia yang cuba meluaskan
kuasa di sekitar negeri Melayu Utara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British perlu menguasai
negeri-negeri ini untuk menghalang kemaraan kuasa Barat tersebut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kemaraan kuasa Barat dapat dilihat
dari pelbagai aspek:-<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Jerman berusaha untuk mendapatkan
Pulau Langkawi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-rusia ingin membuka petempatan di
Ujung Salang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perancis ingin meluaskan pengaruh
di Segenting Kra<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">kuasa barat ini mencabar
penguasaan Inggeris di Negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> c) Kemakmuran dan Kekayaan Sumber Hasil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 31.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedah
dan Perlis – hasil pertanian dan penternakan menjadi sumber bekalan makanan
yang diperlukan bagi memenuhi permintaan penduduk Pulau Pinang yang dikuasai
oleh British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 31.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kelantan
dan Terengganu – aktiviti pembuatan seperti petukangan dan pembinaan kapal
menjadi sangat penting. Kedua-dua negeri menjadi pembekal pelbagai barang
dagangan kepada pedangan Singapura.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; tab-stops: 31.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">d)
Menghubungkan Burma dengan Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
berhasrat menghubungkan Burma yang dengan Pulau Pinang dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembinaan
jalan raya, kereta api dan telegraf di antara Burma dan Pulau Pinang
membolehkan British mempunyai rangkaian terus perhubungan dengan India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hal
ini sangat penting bagi pedagangan dan keselamatan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">e)
Beban Orang Putih<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
mendapati Siam melakukan kekejaman di negeri-negeri Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan dan
Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bagi
mewajarkan tindakannya, slogan “Beban Orang Putih” digunakan dalam usaha
British meluaskan kuasanya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Strategi Peluasan Kuasa British di Perlis,
Kedah, Kelantan dan Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">KE
ARAH PERJANJIAN BANGKOK 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri-negeri
Melayu yang memiliki hubungan rapat dengan Siam ialah Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan
dan Terengganu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bagi
kerajaan Siam, negeri ini adalah di bawah naungannya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perlu
menghantar bunga emas dan perak setiap 3 tahun sekali sebagai tandan pertuanan
Siam serta kepatuhan kepada kuasa Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengaruh
Siam ke atas negeri ini kurang menyenangkan pihak British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Matlamat
British untuk memastikan laluan perdagangan di antara India dan China berada
dalam keadaan selamat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">6.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menyedari
bahawa konfrontasi secara bersemuka akan merugikannya, British menggunakan
strategi perjanjian bagi meluaskan kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">7.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1826: terdapat beberapa siri penjanjian melibatkan British dan Siam yang
menyentuh hal ehwal negeri-negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">8.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian
diakhiri dengan Perjanjian Bangkok 1909 membolehkan British meluaskan kuasa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Siri
Perjanjian Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1826-
Perjanjian Burney<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1897
– perjanjian sulit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1899-
perjanjian sempadan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1902
– siam kawal hubungan Kelantan dan Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1909
– perjanjian Bangkok<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian
Bangkok 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 10 Mac 1909: Perjanjian ditandatangani oleh
British dan Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memberi
laluan kepada British untuk menguasai negara kita tanpa gangguan kuasa luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 4.3 Peluasan Kuasa British di Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Johor mempunyai sistem pemerintahan yang
teratur sebelum campur tangan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mencapai
kemakmuran yang tinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penguasaan
British terhadap Singapura mengancam kedudukan Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Kemajuan dan Kemakmuran Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
kebijaksanaan dan kecekapan pemerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
berlaku perkembagan pesat dalam ekonomi komersial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pentadbir yang komited/ berkesan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pemodenan negeri Johor dalam pelbagai bidang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> 2. Strategi British Menguasai Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
perjanjian 1855 –jika sultan Ali ingin menjual Kesang- tawarkan terlebih dahulu
kepada Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
perjanjian setia 1885 –antara Johor dan Ing –Johor menerima seorang ejen atau
pegawai konsul<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1879- cadangan menempatkan residen Ing di Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Ing tawarkan pinjaman 200000 bagi kerajaan Johor bina landasan kereta api<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
tujuan – mengawal kewangan negeri Johor/ rancangan tidak berjaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1914-
perjanjian sultan Ibrahim dengan ing/ gabenor NNS- jawatan konsul diganti
dengan penasihat am British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.4
SISTEM PENTADBIRAN NEGERI-NEGERI MELAYU TIDAK BERSEKUTU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Latar Belakang Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak
Bersekutu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tidak
diperintah secara kesatuan / tunggal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="color: #626262; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perlis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penasihat inggeris terlibat secara
langsung dalam pentadbiran bersama pembesar tempatan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">MMN menjalankan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Raja pengerusi MMN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1931- hanya terdapat 3 orang pegawai
eropaj dalam pentadbiran negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Setiausaha kerajaan merupakan
pegawai terpenting<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kedah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penasihat ing terlibat secara
langsung dalam pentadbiran</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kedah tidak akan diserahkan kepada
mana-mana kuasa tanpa keizinan daripada sultan dalam MMN</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">MMN menjalankan pentadbiran sejak
1905</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Setiausaha kerajaan merupakan
pegawai tabdir terpenting</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kelantan
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penasihat
Inggeris terlibat dalam pentadbiran secara langsung bersama pembesar tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
mempengerusikan majlis mesyuarat negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penasihat
Inggeris adalah ahli MMN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kakitangan
perkhidmatan awam – orang ,elayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pegawai
eropah dihadkan memegang jawatan tertentu sahaja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 49.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menteri
besar memainkan peranan penting dalam pentadbiran negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Terengganu
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-pentadbiran
berlandaskan undang-undang bagi diri kerajaan terengganu yang diluluskan pada
1911<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
ketetapan pada UUBDKT ini tidak boleh dipinda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-penasihat
Ing terlibat secara langsung dalam pentadbiran bersama pembesar tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
jemaah menteri dan majlis mesyuarat negeri diwujudkan bagi melaksanakan
pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
kakitangan terdiri daripada orang Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
penglibatan pegawai eropah dihadkan dalam pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Johor</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pemerintahan berasaskan pada undang-undang tubuh kerajaan
negeri johor 1895<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan tidak dibenarkan menyerahkan negeri kepada kuasa asing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbiran dilakukan oleh menteri besar, setiausaha negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pentadbir dalam kalangan orang Melayu yang berpelajaran/
moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Majlis mesyuarat menteri
dan majlis mesyuarat negeri membantu sultan menlaksanakan pentadbiran
negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Orang eropah yang menjadi pentadbir adalah sama taraf dengan
pentadbir Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mengutamakan orang Melayu dalam pengambilan jawatan pentadbir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perkembangan Pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> a) Pengekalan
Kedudukan Sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perubahan yang berlaku dalam sistem pentadbiran di Negeri Melayu
Tidak Bersekutu tidak mengubah kedudukan sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan masih kekal seagai puncak kuasa dalam pentadbiran
negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan mempunyai kuasa terutama dalam hal berkaitan dengan
agama Islam dan adat istiadat Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kedudukan pembesar turut dikekalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembesar tidak lagi mengutip cukat dan pakaj sebaliknya
dibeikan elaun dan pencen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">b) Penerusan Sistem Pentadbiran Tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sistem pentadbiran tradisional seperti sistem Jemaah Menteri,
Majlis Negeri dan peraturan yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang Tubuh Kerajaan
diteruskan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembesar Mealyu menjadi peneraju sistem pentadbiran negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pihak British turut membantu melalui peminjaman pegawai
daripada Perkhidmatan Awam Negeri Melayu Bersekutu dan Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Negeri-negeri ini mempunyai sistem perkhidmatan awamnya
sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kerajaan Kedah membuat perjanjian dengan kerajaan British
yang menyatakan bahawa semua jawatan perkhidmatan awam hendaklah diisikan
dengan pegawai Melayu Kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">c) Pengenalan Birokrasi Barat</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Penasihat British menentukan dasar pentadbiran negeri
sehingga mengurangkan kuasa sultan dan pembesar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Jabatan baharu turut diperkenalkan di setiap negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pasukan polis diwujudkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-no-proof: yes;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;">Urusan pentadbiran negeri mula mengamalkan cara Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span style="color: #626262; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ma</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;">hkamah sivil diperkenalkan dan pegawai British turut
dibawa masuk sebagai pegawai</span>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-60532699621504551372023-12-30T21:06:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:06:08.762-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 3<p> </p><div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">BAB 3- PENTADBIRAN
NEGERI-NEGERI MELAYU BERSEKUTU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3.1
Kekayaan Hasil Bumi di Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan dan Pahang ( NNMB )</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pengenalan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak,
Selangor, Negeri Sembilan dan Pahang kaya dengan hasil bumi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hasil
bumi seperti bijih timah dan emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kekayaan
dan kemakmuran menarik minat kuasa Acheh, British dan Belanda untuk menguasai
negeri tersebut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">a. Kekayaan Bijih Timah</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perlombongan Bijih Timah pada Abad ke-15<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peringkat
awal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Diusahakan
orang Melayu di lembah sungai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kegunaan
– tempatan dan didagangkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
dapat hasil dagangan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar
ada pegangan kawasan bijih melalui surat tauliah dari sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar
– pemilik lombong dan bekalkan keperluan pengeluaran timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 630px;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 472.5pt;" valign="top" width="630">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perlombongan
Bijih Timah pada Abad ke-16 hingga 17<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri pengeluar utama – Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan – Sg Perak, Kuala Kangsar , Kelian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak menjadi pelabuhan utama/ dikunjung pedagang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perluasan kawasan melombong baru- Manjung , Beruas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak mempunyai dijadikan negeri<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>naungan oleh Acheh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak guna bijih timah untuk dapatkan perlindungan
Portugis ( Melaka ) untuk membebaskan diri dari Acheh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 472.5pt;" valign="top" width="630">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 472.5pt;" valign="top" width="630"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 472.5pt;" valign="top" width="630">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perlombongan
Bijih Timah pada Abad ke-18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengeluaran awal- pelombong Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kerjasama dengan Belanda keluarkan bijih <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan menjual bijih timah kepada Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 472.5pt;" valign="top" width="630">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Selangor
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">–
kaya dengan bijih timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menarik minat pedagang dari luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjual bijih kepada Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Larut ( perak )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjadi kawasan perlombongan mulai
1840</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Pembesar ( Long Jaafar dan anaknya
Ngah Ibrahim ) memajukan perlombongan bijih timah dengan membawa masuk
pelombong dari China</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjadikan Kuala Sepetang sebagai
pelabuhan mengangkut bijih ke Pulau Pinang</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Lembah Kinta<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Mulai melombi=ong bijih akhir 1800</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjadi antara pengeluar bijih
terbesar di dunia</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kesan – mewujudkan bandar baru –
Ipoh/Gopeng/ Kampar/ Batu Gajah</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Jugra <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sultan Abdul Samad menjadikan
Jugra sebagai Pusat pentadbiran </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Menjadi pusat pengutipan cukai
bijih untuk dibawa ke Pelabuhan Melaka</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kuala Lumpur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1860 – KL menjadi pusat
pengeluaran bijih timah</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Kawasan – Ampang</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Sg Kelang menjadi tempat
mengangkut bijih timah</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Bilangan penduduk –Melayu dan Cina
– membentuk bandar KL</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Lukut ( selangor )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Perlombongan diusahakan oleh Raja
Busu</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1830 raja Jumaat menjadikan Lukut
sebagai pusat perdagangan bijih yang terkenal</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 31.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1880 Lukut diserahkan kepada
Negeri Sembilan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kekayaan
Hasil Emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a) Lokasi perlombongan Emas di Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perlombongan
emas telah dilakukan di Hulu Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kawasan
penting perlombongan – Raub, Tui, Tersang, Selinsing, Penjom, Kechau dan Hulu
Dong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Kegiatan Perlombongan Emas di Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pada abad ke 16 dan 17<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>diusahakan oleh
orang Melayu/ asli dan minangkabau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
menggunakan kaedah mendulang dan melampan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
abad ke 18- orang Cina dari Perak/ Kelantan dan Negeri Sembilan datang ke
Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
orang Cina guna kaedah melampan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
abad ke 19- Sultan Ahmad memberi konsesi/lesen melombong kepada pelombong
eropah. Mereka guna lombong dedah dan bawah tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.2 PERLUASAN KUASA
BRITISH DI PERAK, SELANGOR, NEGERI SEMBILAN DAN PAHANG<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Strategi British Meluaskan Kuasa di
Negeri-negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a) Strategi Manipulasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Manipulasi
British di Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perang
Larut - Berlaku pergaduhan pelombong Cina ( Ghee Hin dan Hai San / Menjejaskan
pengeluaran bijih/ Pedagang Ing mendesak Ing campurtangan – elak kerugian
pelabur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perebutan
tahta – isu penggiliran jawatan untuk menjadi sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Giliran
– raja dihilir- raja bendahara- raja muda – sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kes
– Sultan Ali –diganti Raja Ismail- Raja Yusof tidak setuju sebab diketepikan/ Raja
Abdullah juga mahu jadi raja dengan sokongan pelabur Eropah dan pelombong Cina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Manipulasi British di
Selangor<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sultan Abdul Samad memerintah Selangor
1857-1898<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Berlaku pertelingkahan – Perang Klang
( antara Raja Mahadi dengan Raja Abdullah )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Raja Abdullah memajukan lombong/
bandar Klang ( Ampang dan KL ) mendapat sokongan kumpulan Hai San<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Raja Mahadi – sebelum ini menguasai
Klang- disokong kumpulan Ghee Hin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>British campurtangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Manipulasi
British di Sungai Ujong, Negeri Sembilan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kepentingan
sungai Linggi – laluan penting dalam daerah Sg Ujong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar
mengenakan cukai di sini ( <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kepentingan
sungai Linggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Merupakan
laluan penting menghubungkan daerah Sg Ujong dengan kawasan sekitarnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 27.0pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jika
menguasai SG Linggi membolehkan pembesar mendapat kuasa memungut cukai yang
membawa bijih timah untuk ke Pelbuhan Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Persaingan
pembesar memungut cukai di Sungai Linggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Dato Kelana , Dato Syahbandar, Dato Muda Linggi bersaing mengawal pungutan
cukai di Sg Linggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
persengketaan mereka dimanipulasi oleh Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Ing bantu Dato Kelana mengalahkan Dato Syahbandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Ing dapat menguasai kuasa pungutan cukai di Sg Linggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
kesan perbalahan – menjejaskan kegiatan perdagangan di Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Desakan dan Paksaan kepada Raja-raja Melayu Menerima Perlindungan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SELANGOR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British tidak berjaya pujuk Sultan Abdul Samad menerima
penasihat / perlindungan Ing</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">British tetap berusaha mencari alasan untuk letakkan
Selangor dalam pengaruhnya bagi menguasai kekayaan bijih timah di selangor</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1873 Rompakan kapal dagang inggeris di Kuala Langat</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">1874- serangan rumah api di Tanjung Rachado membolehkan
penasihat Ing bertapak di Selangor</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PAHANG
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1887- British menggunakan Sultan Abu Bakar ( Johor ) untuk memujuk sultan
Pahang menerima wakil British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-1888
British mendesak/paksa Sultan Pahang menerima penasihat British setelah
kematian pedagang Cina – Go Hui diperkarangan istana ( Pahang dianggap tidak
dapat menjamin keselamatan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">c)
Strategi Menandatangani Perjanjian dengan Pemerintah Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">i)
Perjanjian Pangkor 1874<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Andrew
Clark Gabenor Negeri Selat bertindak memanggil ketua kumpulah Ghee Hin dan Hai
San untuk menamatkan perselisihan faham antara mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembesar
Melayu dipanggil untuk berunding di Pulau Pangkor bagi menamatkan perselisihan
di Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Syarat:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
Abdullah diiktiraf sebagai Sultan Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
Ismail dibenarkan memakai gelaran Sultan Muda dan diberikan sebuah jajahan
kecil untuk ditadbir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
menerima seorang Residen British. Nasihatnya mesti diminta dan dipatuhi dalam
semua urusan pentadbiran kecuali berkaitan agama Islam dan adat Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ngah
Ibrahim diakui sebagai Orang Kaya Menteri Larut dan menerima seorang Penolong
Residen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
berkuasa penuh ke atas pungutan cukai di Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ii)
Perjanjian British-Sungai Ujong 1874<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dato Kelana diiktiraf sebagai pemerintah
Sungai Ujong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
mempunyai kuasa penuh memungut cukai di Sungai Linggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>iii) Perjanjian British-Selangor 1875<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>British membantu Sultan memerintah negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
menghantar J.G. Davidson menetap di KLang dan Frank Swettenham menetap di
Langat untuk membantu pentadbiran Selangor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>iv) Perjanjian British-Pahang 1887<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>British menempatkan seorang wakil yang
mempunyai kuasa seperti pegawai konsul di Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
betanggungjawab menjaga keamanan Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pahang
tidak membenarkan membuat perjanjian dengan kerajaan asing tanpa kebenaran
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>v) Perjanjian British-Negeri Sembilan 1895<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yam Tuan Besar Sri Menanti bersama dengan
Undang Johol, Sungai Ujong, Jelebu, Rembau dan Tampin dengan ini secara
berasingan meletakkan diri mereka dan Luak mereka di bawah naungan Kerajaan
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SISTEM RESIDEN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.
Peranan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menasihati
Raja-raja Melayu dalam semua hal ehwal pentadbiran kecuali berkaitan agama
Islam dan adat Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Semua
nasihat hendaklah diikuti dan dipatuhi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Senarai
residen <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perak
– JWW Birch 1874-1875<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pahang
– JP Rodger 1888-1896<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Sembilan – Martin Lister 1895-1897<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Selangor
– JG Davidson 1874-1875<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedudukan
sultan dan pembesar dikekalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
dan pembesar kehilangan kuasa dalam pentadbiran dan memungut cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jabatan
dan sistem bercorak barat digunakan bagi menggantikan sistem pentadbiran
tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">3.3 PEMBENTUKAN NEGERI-NEGERI
MELAYU BERSEKUTU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ciri NNMB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabungan
negeri Perak Pahang Negeri Sembilan dan Selangor membentuk sebuah persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dikenali
sebai Persekutuan 1896<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ketua
pentadbiran persekutuan– Residen Jeneral<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
Melayu terima nasihat RJ dalam semua perkara kecuali adat dan agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pusat
pentadbiran – Kuala Lumpur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Faktor pembentukan NNMB<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo3; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mengatasi
kelemahan sistem residen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
tidak diberikan garis panduan untuk melaksanakan tugas/peranan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi
semakin berkuasa dalam MMN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
dan pembesar tidak berpuas hati kerana kehilangan kuasa dalam pentadbiran
negeri dan hak memungut cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo3; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menyeragamkan
pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
negeri tidak seragam / pelbagai pendekatan/ ada undang-undang sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kemajuan
ekonomi tidak seimbang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memerlukan
pentadbiran yang cekap dan seragam untuk mengeksploitasi ekonomi negeri ini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo3; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjamin
keselamatan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Membolehkan
negeri mempunyai pasukan keselamatan sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 81.0pt; mso-list: l4 level4 lfo3; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tidak
perlu bantuan negeri lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo3; text-indent: -27.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menangani
masalah kewangan pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabungan
negeri Melayu yang kaya ( hasil – Perak/ Selangor/ Negeri Sembilan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 39.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.4 PENTADBIRAN
NEGERI-NEGERI MELAYU BERSEKUTU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NNMB
diketuai oleh Residen Jeneral ( di KL )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bertanggungjawab
pada Majlis Mesyuarat Negeri dan Pesuruhjaya Tinggi NNMB (juga merupakan
Gabenor Neger-negeri Selat)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MAJLIS MESYUARAT PERSEKUTUAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ditubuhkan
pada 1909<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berkuasa
meluluskan undang-undang di NNMB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengerusi
–pesuruhjaya Tinggi British / dibantu Residen Jeneral<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ahli
– 4 raja Melayu/ 4 Residen / 4 ahli tak rasmi ( 3 bangsa Eropah+ 1 Cina <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
– membolehkan Ing mengawal undang-undang dan kewangan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-list: l5 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja
setiap negeri hanya menjadi ahli biasa MMP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Majlis
Mesyuarat Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ditubuhkan
selepas British berjaya campur tangan dalam pentadbiran negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Majlis
ini dipengerusikan oleh Raja Melayu dan berperanan menggubal undang-undang
serta membantu pentadbiran negeri.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Majlis
Mesyuarat Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1909: Perjanjian antara British dan Raja-raja Melayu bagi menubuhkan Majlis
Mesyuarat Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tujuan
Majlis ialah meluluskan undang-undang di NNMB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembentukan
Durbar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tujuan
- ditubuhkan untuk <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mendapatkan sokongan
Raja-raja Melayu terhadap Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ahli-ahli Durbar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pesuruhjaya
Tinggi British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raja-raja
Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
Jeneral<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-69495806977657371692023-12-30T21:05:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:05:10.727-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 2<p> </p><div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">BAB 2 PETADBIRAN NEGERI
NEGERI SELAT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.1 Peluasan Kuasa
British di Pulau Pinang, Singapura dan Melaka ( NNS )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pada
abad ke-18, British menggalakkan ekspedisi ke Timur untuk meningkatkan kekayaan
negara melalui perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo16; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Petempatan
strategik penting bagi memenuhi keperluan perdagangan dan keselamatan British
di Alam Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a.
Latar Belakang NNS Sebelum Peluasan Kuasa British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wilayah
Kesultanan Kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi
tempat persinggahan pedagang dari Lingga yang berdagang dengan Kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pelabuhan
dagang bagi daerah serantau terutama dengan Acheh di Sumatera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Batu
Uban merupakan pelabuhan paling awal dibuka di Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sering
dikunjungi oleh pedagang-pedagang Arab<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wilayah
Kesultanan Johor Riau (Pahang, Johor dan gugusan kepulauan Riau Lingga) sejak
abad ke-16 hingga 19<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Johor,
Singapura dan Kepulauan Riau ditadbir oleh Temenggung Abdul Rahman yang tinggal
di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sewaktu
pentadbiran Temenggung Abdul Rahman, ladang gambir diusahakan oleh orang Melayu
dan Cina di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemerintah
Kesultanan Johor Riau, Sultan Abdul Rahman yang bersemayam di Lingga dan
mengadakan hubungan baik dengan Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kerajaan
Alam Melayu yang unggul pada abad ke-15<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1511: Kesultanan Melayu Melaka ditawan oleh Portugis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1641-1824: Melaka menjadi tanah jajahan Belanda setelah Belanda mengalahkan
Portugis dengan bantuan Kesultanan Johor Riau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
menjadikan Melaka sebagai pusat pengumpulan hasil bijih timah dari negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
mementingkan Betawi di Pulau Jawa sebagai pusat perdagangan utama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b.
Peluasan Kuasa British di Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Kedudukan Strategik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pusat pengumpulan barang- teh<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( China ),
emas,perak, bijih timah dan rempah ratus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pelabuhan persinggahan – laluan antara India dan China/ baiki kapal/ bekalan
makanan dan minuman/ tempat berlindung semasa peralihan angina monsoon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
pangkalan tentera – terletak di Bombay/ India- terlalu jauh/ perlu tempat yang
lebih strategik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Kronologi Pendudukan British di Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
krisis perebutan tahta di Kedah- penentangan terhadap Sultan Muhamad Jiwa
daripada pembesar kerana melantik Tunku Abdullah sebagai raja muda kedah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
mereka berpakat dengan orang Bugis- menyerang SMJ<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
SMJ minta bantuan SHTI( gagal dapat bantuan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
siam mengancam kedah – minta hantar bunga emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
sultan minta bantuan SHTI- tawarkan PP sebagai<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>pangkalan SHTI/ Francis Light ( dengan syarat melindungi kedah dari
serangan siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
tipu helah FL – FL buat perjanjian dengan sultan Kedah / FL menduduki PP/ FL
menamakan PP sebagai Prince of Wales Island/ menamakan bandar Georgetown<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Pengukuhan Kuasa British di Pulau Pinang: Perjanjian<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1786 Siam mengancam kedah, sultan minta FL bantu Kedah daripada diserang Siam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
FL tidak tolong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1791- Sultan Kedah mahu menyerang FL di PP , berhimpun di Seberang Perai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
SK dikalahkan oleh FL/SHTI- buat perjanjian dengan Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
1800 – Ing buat perjanjian dengan SK – ambil Seberang Perai <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa British di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Perang Napoleon (1793-1814):<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
ditawan oleh Perancis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1795: Raja Belanda berundur ke England dan menandatangani Surat Kew<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berdasarkan
Surat Kew, Belanda menyerahkan tanah jajahannya secara sementara di Timur
kepada British sehingga perang tamat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Kepentingan Singapura kepada British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
memerlukan pelabuhan yang lebih strategik untuk bersaing dengan Belanda di Alam
Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedudukan
Singapura di bahagian selatan Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dapat mengawal kegiatan
perdagangan Selat Melaka dan Selat Sunda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Singapura
dijadikan sebagai pusat pengumpulan hasil-hasil ekonomi Alam Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kebanyakan
kapal dagang berlabuh di pelabuhan Betawi, Riau dan Lingga<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Pertapakan British di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Isu
pewarisan tahta sultan johor riau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sultan
Mahmud Shah III ada 2 putera – Tengku Hussin/ Tungku Abdul Rahman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SMS
III mangkat- TH tidak hadir semasa pemakaman <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">TAR
– ditabalkan menjadi sultan/ disokong oleh Belanda dan Org Bugis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">TH
diketepikan / tinggal di Riau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tindakan
Stamford Raffles memanipulasikan isu pewarisan takhta menyebabkan Kesultanan
Johor Riau mempunyai dua orang sultan - Sultan Abdul Rahman di Lingga / Sultan
Hussein di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.
Perjanjian Mengukuhkan Kuasa British di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa British di Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Faktor Pakatan British-Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">a)
Menamatkan pertikaian British dan Belanda berkaitan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Stanford Raffles tandatangan perjanjian dengan Sultan Hussin dan Temenggung
Abdul Rahman – Inggeris berkuasa di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
Ing lantik William Farquhar sebagai residen singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">-
perjanjian 2/8/1824- Residen Ing John Crawford buat perjanjian dengan SH/TAR-
serah Singapura kepada Ing selama-lamanya/ SH dan TAR hilang kedaulatan atas
Singapura- dapat pampasan dan pencen bulanan seumur hidup<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">2.2 Pertikaian Inggeris dan
Belanda- Perjanjian London<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ing menguasai Singapura- mahu
majukan sebagai pelabuhan</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Belanda anggap Singapura dalam
lingkungan pengaruhnya/ mahu Ing keluar dari Singapura</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">Belanda tidak mahu Singapura
mengatasi pelabuhan Betavi di Indonesia</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY; mso-no-proof: yes;">ING dan Belanda tidak mahu
bermusuh di kawasan timur</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">b)
Penyelesaian untuk perdamaian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
dan British mahu mengelakkan peperangan sesama mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
tidak mahu terbeban dengan masalah kewangan selepas Perang Napoleon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ING-
Belanda wujudkan perjanjian London 1824 / Perjanjian Ingg- Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tujuan
– tamatkan pertikaian/ elak hubungan tegang/ tidak baik antara mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Isi
perjanjian – Ing mendapat Melaka daripada Belanda/ Ing serahkan Bangkahulu
kepada Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembahagian Alam Melayu
kepada Dua Lingkungan Pengaruh Barat ( TM dibawah penguasaan Ing/ Jawad an
Sumatera dibawah penguasaan Belanda)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Selat Melaka dan
Singapura dijadikan sempadan yang memisahkan wilayah pengaruh British dan
wilayah pengaruh Belanda di Alam Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wilayah dikenali sebagai
Hindia Timur Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Empayar Johor Riau terbahagi
2/ berakhirnya kesultanan Riau-Lingga<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pahang menjadi negeri
yang merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Selat Melaka di bawah
penguasaan Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penubuhan Negeri-negeri
Selat 1826<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.3 PENUBUHAN
NEGERI-NEGERI SELAT/ NNS<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">PULAU
PINANG<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tempoh penguasaan Ing
-1786-1826<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1787- dijadikan
pelabuhan bebas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabenor Ing dilantik
untuk mentadbir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SINGAPURA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1819-1826<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1823- menjadi pelabuhan
bebas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pusat pertemuan pedagang persendirian
mengumpulkan hasil alam Melayu untuk diperdagangkan dengan China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">MELAKA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1824-1826<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ditadbir oleh residen consular<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem kapitan
diteruskan bagi mewujdukan keamanan dan komuniti kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Suku kaum diletakkan di
bawah seorang ketua kaum dan melaksanakan undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo10; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Untuk penduduk luar
bandar penghulu memainkan peranan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kepentingan
NNS kepada Ing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kuasai
selat Melaka/ laluan utama perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pelabuhan
bebas- menarik pedagang tempatan dan luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melaka
menjadi pusat pengumpulan hasil- bijih timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menjadi
pintu masuk kedatangan buruh luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kehadiran
pelabur dari luar memajukan ekonomi melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hubungan
Negeri-negeri Selat dengan Negeri-negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1. Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memerlukan
hasil ekonomi untuk memajukan perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melabur
modal memajukan perlombongan bijih timah di negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memerlukan
pelabuhan untuk memperdagangkan hasil ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.4 PENTADBIRAN
NEGERI-NEGERI SELAT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1826-
1867 – NNS ditadbir SHTI kerajaan British di India- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1867:
pentadbiran dipindahkan ke Pejabat Tanah Jajahan London<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Selat di Bawah SHTI (1826-1857)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Selat diketuai oleh Gabenor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
Konsular dilantik membantu Gabenor menjalankan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pulau
Pinang menjadi pusat pentadbiran pertama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo14; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun
1832: pusat pentadbiran dipindahkan ke Singapura kerana lebih strategik dan
maju berbanding dengan Pulau Pinang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Selat di bawah Pejabat India (1858-1867)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Undang
British dikuatkuasakan di Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemberontakan
yang berlaku di India menyebabkan Pejabat India tidak mampu mentadbir Negeri
Selat dengan baik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pejabat
India tidak memberikan perhatian yang sewajarnya bagi melindungi pedagang
Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menimbulkan
rasa tidak puas hati dalam kalangan pedagang Negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.0pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.05pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabenor
jeneral british SHTI <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(
India )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.05pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.05pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gabenor
NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.0pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
Konsular PP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.05pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
Konsular Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 178.05pt;" valign="top" width="237">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Residen
Konsular Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">STRUKTUR PENTADBIRAN NNS
1826-1967<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="color: #2c2c2c; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="color: #2c2c2c; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">FAKTOR PEMINDAHAN PENTADBIRAN NNS KE PEJABAT TANAH JAJAHAN
LONDON<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tiada
wakil NNS dalam majlis Perundangan di India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Undang-undang
NNS di India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pejabat
di India gagal kawal rompakan kapal dagang dan pertelingkahan kumpulan Cina di
NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penggunaan
wang rupee India di NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cadangan
mengenakan cukai pelabuhan di NNS menjejaskan taraf pelabuhan bebas NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">NNS
dijadikan tempat buangan banduan ( jejaskan imej NNS sebagai pusat dagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Struktur pentadbiran NNS<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-73794777421974818262023-12-30T21:04:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:04:23.786-08:00NOTA SEJ T3 BAB 1<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">BAB
1- KEDATANGAN KUASA BARAT<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.1.
KESTABILAN DAN KEMAKMURAN NEGARA KITA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Malaysia
mengamalkan sistem pemerintahan beraja yang diwarisi daripada Kesultanan Melayu
Melaka ( raja /sultan –ada pembesar dan rakyat )</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sarawak dan Sabah
mempunyai sistem pemerintahan tempatan yang lebih awal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Malaysia mempunyai
sistem perundangannya sendiri. Terdapat dua jenis undang-undang iaitu Undang-undang
Bertulis<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>- Hukum kanun Melaka/ hokum
kanun Pahang/ undang-undang 99 Pahang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">di Sarawak dan Sabah-
adalah berdasarkan hukum adat yang diamalkan secara tradisi mengikut suku
masing-masing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Undang-undang Tidak
Bertulis- adat Temenggung ( Johor )/ adat Perpatih ( negeri Sembilan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Malaysia
mempunyai sistem pemerintahan dan pentadbiran yang stabil hasil daripada
kebijaksanaan pemerintah.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kemakmuran
negeri pula datangnya daripada sumber hasil bumi dan hasil alam yang
dimanfaatkan untuk memajukan ekonomi.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kebijaksanaan
pemerintah tempatan menjalinkan hubungan diplomatik dan perdagangan menyebabkan
mereka meluaskan pengaruh, melindungi diri/ negeri daripada ancaman musuh,
memajukan ekonomi negeri dan menstabilkan sistem pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kekayaan
hasil bumi dan sumber alam negeri ini <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">merupakan sebab
kemunculan pelabuhan perdagangan yang strategik membolehkan ia diperdagangkan
ke seluruh dunia.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kaya dengan bahan galian
(bijih timah, emas dan perak)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kegiatan melombong
dijalankan oleh masyarakat tempatan dan mereka menggunakan kaedah mendulang dan
melampan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negara kita juga
dikenali sebagai pusat pengeluaran sumber hasil hutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sifat kreatif dan
berkemahiran tinggi menjadikan mereka berjaya menghasilkan kraf tangan yang
indah dan menarik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Masyarakat
Melayu juga mahir dalam bertukang kayu, membuat perahu, perabot dan menempa
alat senjata tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Di Sarawak, terdapat kegiatan
menenun kain pua dan menyulam selendang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Setiap
negeri mempunyai kemudahan pelabuhan, mata wang, sistem percukaian dan sistem
timbangan dan ukuran yang praktikal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri
Melayu telah menjalankan kegiatan perdagangan kerana mempunyai pelabuhan yang
terletak di muara sungai yang strategik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pelabuhan
Johor, Kedah, Klang dan Melaka menjadi pusat mengumpul barangan dari timur dan
barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syahbandar
dilantik mengurus pelabuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
sukat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>diperkenalkan-
kepul/leng/kal/cupak /gantang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
timbang- kati /tahil /pikul/ saga/mayam/bungkal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Apabila
pengaruh British sampai ke Alam Melayu, muncul sukatan baru seperti:</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Auns, paun, tan dan gelen</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Pada
mulanya pedagang menggunakan sistem barter (tukar barang)</span><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Kemudian kepada mata
wang logam yang diperbuat daripada timah dan emas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bayaran
cukai yang dikenakan ke atas hasil pelombongan, pertanian, hasil hutan dan
perdagangan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hasil
cukai merupakan sumber pendapatan pemerintah dan boleh digunakan untuk
memajukan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pendidikan-
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">merupakan aspek yang
penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bertujuan melahirkan
individu yang berakhlak mulia, berkelakuan sopan, bertatasusila, berdikari dan
berhemah tinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dibahagikan kepada
pendidikan formal dan tidak formal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pendidikan tak formal –
ibu mengasuh/ kemahiran di rumah/ ilmu agama- pantun/ cerita/pantang larang/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pendidikan formal-
mengajar ilmu agama/ menggunakan masjid- hadis/ baca quran / sekolah pondok/
madrasah/ ada sukatan pelajaran/ ada kelas/ ada guru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Menggunakan
Bahasa Melayu dan tulisan jawi- contoh penulisan – Tuhfat al Nafis, gurindam
12, misa Melayu dan hikayat datuk merpati jepang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.2 Faktor Kedatangan
Kuasa Barat ke Negara Kita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-insideh: none; mso-border-insidev: none; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 59.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tahun <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 402.7pt;" valign="top" width="537">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peristiwa <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 59.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1600<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 402.7pt;" valign="top" width="537">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syarikat
Hindia Timur Inggeris / SHTI ditubuhkan di England<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SHTI
boleh berdagang rempah di kepulauan Melayu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 59.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1602<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 402.7pt;" valign="top" width="537">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Syrikat
Hindia Timur Belanda ditubuhkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Boleh
berdagang di Timur ( Asia Tenggara )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 59.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1664<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 402.7pt;" valign="top" width="537">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SHT
Perancis ditubuhkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Orang
Sepanyol menjadi saingan utama sebagai kuasa penjajah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mereka
juga menjadi kuasa utama di Eropah kerana memiliki kekayaan hasil daripada
beberapa buah koloninya/ wilayah naungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mulai
abad ke 17 ( 1800 ) kuasa Barat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>bertukar
menjadi <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kuasa penjajah untuk merebut
kekayaan dan tanah jajahan di seberang laut ( Glory/ God/ Gospel )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Alam
Melayu ( TM/Indonesia ) menjadi sasaran utama kedatangan orang Eropah demi
mencari sumber rempah-ratus dan menguasainya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hasil
– <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">rempah/ minyak
wangi/emas/ permata/ gading /hasil hutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">pelabuhan persinggahan
–kapal/ berlabuh/ makanan/ baiki kapal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedatangan
Kuasa Barat pada Abad Ke-17 dan Abad Ke-18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Revolusi Perindustrian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berlaku
di Britain pada abad ke-17 manakala di negara Eropah lain pada abad ke-18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Selepas
berlakunya revolusi perindustrian, dasar kuasa Barat berubah corak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mereka
perlu mencari pusat perdagangan dan menguasai tanah jajahan yang dapat
membekalkan bahan-bahan mentah bagi keperluan kilang perusahaan mereka secara
berterusan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perindustrian
ini membolehkan barangan dikeluarkan secara besar-besaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Maka,
kawasan pasaran yang lebih luas perlu dicari untuk memasarkan barang tersebut
supaya keuntungan dapat dimaksimumkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kedatangan
Kuasa Barat pada Abad Ke-19 dan Ke-20<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perkembagan
industri kereta- permintaan terhadap getah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ciptaan
kapal wap- boleh bawa muatan yang banyak/ cepat/jimat kos<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesuburan
tanah dan kekayaan hasil bumi- luas/subur/sesuai untuk tanaman/
besi/timah/emas/ petroleum dan arang batu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Industri
mengetin-perusahaan mengetin makanan/minuman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Persaingan
kuasa barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ciptaan
telegraf- memudahkan perhubungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Slogan
beban orang putih- menyebarkan pengaruh dan tamadun ke negara lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembukaan
terusan suez- memendekkan perjalanan kapal dagang dari eropah ke asia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.3 Persaingan Antara Kuasa Barat untuk
Mendapatkan Tanah Jajahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 39.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kuasa Barat
berlumba-lumba meluaskan kuasa ke seluruh pelosok dunia untuk memiliki tanah
jajahan demi kepentingan ekonomi mereka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 39.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Negeri Melayu, Sarawak
dan Sabah kaya dengan bahan mentah dan kawasan pasaran menyebabkan British
bimbang dengan kemaraan kuasa Barat ke wilayah tersebut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 39.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tindakan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Inggeris -menjadikan
Brunei negeri naungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Keluarga Brooke –
menguasai Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SHTI ingin menguasai
Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Amerika – cuba menguasai
Terengganu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perancis berada di
IndoChina/ Timor Leste<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jerman
mahu menguasai Pulau Langkawi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 75.0pt; mso-list: l6 level2 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda – mahu menguasai
Indonesia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 39.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt;">
<p align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.4 Perbezaan Strategi
Kuasa Barat untuk Menguasai Negara Kita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kuasa
Barat menggunakan strategi yang berdiplomasi dan bersifat agresif<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Belanda
– Serangan fizikal, perjanjian dan pakatan kuasa Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">British
– Lebih bersifat diplomasi berdasarkan isu dan faktor setempat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">STRATEGI
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>BELANDA-<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Serangan fizikal - berperang
di Pulau Pangkor/Perak/ Selangor/ Rembau/ Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pakatan- dengan Johor
untuk mengalahkan Portugis di Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pakatan dengan British-
Perjanjian Inggeris Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian – Perak/
Selangor - untuk dapat bijih timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>STRATEGI BRITISH<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tipu
helah ( Pulau Pinang )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pajakan
( Sabah)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Manipulasi-
Singapura/ Selangor/ negeri Sembilan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian(
Perak/Selangor negeri sembillan Pahang/ sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ugutan/desakan-
Selangor / Pahanh/ Sarawak )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Serangan
fizikal ( Dol Said , Bukit Naning/ Terengganu )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pakatan
( Melaka – berpakat dengan Belanda melalui Perjanjian Ing-Belanda )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Strategi
Belanda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Serangan
fizikal- Perak/ Selangor/ Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pakatan
– dengan Johor menawan Melaka melawan Portugis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian
–perak/ Selangor untuk mendapatkan bijih timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-16269396034681340202023-12-30T21:03:00.000-08:002023-12-30T21:03:04.080-08:00TAJUK SEJ T3<p> <span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sukatan
Bab Buku Teks Sejarah Tingkatan 3 KSSM</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
I Kedatangan Kuasa Barat</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kestabilan
dan Kemakmuran Negara Kita <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Faktor
Kedatangan Kuasa Barat ke Negara Kita <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Persaingan
Kuasa Barat Untuk Mendapatkan Tanah Jajahan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perbezaan
Strategi Kuasa Barat untuk Menguasai Negara Kita <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
II Pentadbiran Negeri-Negeri Selat</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa British di Pulau Pinang, Singapura dan Melaka <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Perjanjian
London 1824 dan Kesannya Tehadap Alam Melayu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembentukan
Negeri-negeri Selat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
Negeri-negeri Selat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bab
III Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kekayaan
Hasil Bumi di Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan dan Pahang <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa British di Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan dan Pahang <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pembentukan
Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
Negeri-negeri Melayu Bersekutu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
IV Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemerintahan
Kesultanan Melayu di Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu dan Johor Peluasan
Kuasa British di Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan dan Terengganu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa British di Johor <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
Pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
V Pentadbiran Barat di Sarawak dan Sabah</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Latar
Belakang Pemerintahan Tempatan di Sarawak dan Sabah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa Dinasti Brooke di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peluasan
Kuasa Syarikat Borneo Utara British di Sabah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bentuk
Pentadbiran Barat di Sarawak dan Sabah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
VI Kesan Pentadbiran Barat Terhadap Ekonomi dan Sosial</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pengenalan
Ekonomi Moden oleh Kuasa Barat di Negara Kita <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pentadbiran
Barat Berkaitan Ekonomi <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
Ekonomi Akibat Pentadbiran Barat di Negara Kita <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
Sosial Akibat Perkembangan Ekonomi di Negara Kita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
VII Penentangan Masyarakat Tempatan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Matlamat
dan Bentuk Penentangan Masyarakat Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sistem
Pentadbiran Barat Memberikan Kesan Terhadap Kuasa Pemerintahan dan Kehidupan
Masyarakat Tempatan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penentangan
Masyarakat Tempatan Terhadap Kuasa Barat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kesan
Penentangan Masyarakat Tempatan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Andalus, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bab
VIII Kebijaksanaan Raja dan Pembesar Melayu Menangani Cabaran Barat</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reaksi
Pemerintahan Negeri-negeri Melayu Utara dan Johor Terhadap tindakan Barat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tindakan
Raja Melayu Menangani Cabaran Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Usaha
Pembesar Melayu dalam Pemodenan Negeri <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Keberkesanan
Peranan Pemerintah Tempatan dalam Menangani Cabaran Barat<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-76815115101460979042022-01-11T15:56:00.002-08:002022-01-11T15:56:33.993-08:00PERALATAN MUZIK TRADISIONAL - PROSA KLASIK<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjujvWlM14EsHdEu1VA3TOMjZOo9axEi5xc4QRwvVihHMB5W3uapr3fTScp8RalE8TvgKRPqdMTobNKbmpcscIiBwcsY6PzwXkcLqzcISfFm-H_7xmWL_rcX_jCFaZ7PTha-kt6hmsb3GzWm-yeCzX-3SBXzFYP1kfUNysBRHdVsM4KscC3bWql-t-4=s650" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="433" data-original-width="650" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjujvWlM14EsHdEu1VA3TOMjZOo9axEi5xc4QRwvVihHMB5W3uapr3fTScp8RalE8TvgKRPqdMTobNKbmpcscIiBwcsY6PzwXkcLqzcISfFm-H_7xmWL_rcX_jCFaZ7PTha-kt6hmsb3GzWm-yeCzX-3SBXzFYP1kfUNysBRHdVsM4KscC3bWql-t-4=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgCGvYDEJnUtuTOs8wHNpOX-jciz2aiCB_E5_BxDz0L0Uy8unzW1jNLQI61DDWjrctE_wa81DI6Fe5colYTF5lROogJCm7012G8PTQUgz1HbNBlRpEztj1m6imP31X_5P2m7BKGwHa9hsJArthNZ8J2ZGTtms_WeYBlZZizP9Ies3N_AOygwr1d5FjY=s850" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="531" data-original-width="850" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgCGvYDEJnUtuTOs8wHNpOX-jciz2aiCB_E5_BxDz0L0Uy8unzW1jNLQI61DDWjrctE_wa81DI6Fe5colYTF5lROogJCm7012G8PTQUgz1HbNBlRpEztj1m6imP31X_5P2m7BKGwHa9hsJArthNZ8J2ZGTtms_WeYBlZZizP9Ies3N_AOygwr1d5FjY=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7bz00hxBpvwkE_2YFWFycqk5J6ZeT6ibEemXsZ2Y6oM8n8s4hPgfBC-z6XOoJuzvdWC8fkWxbRD25UFlSGqeqxkNz_tyZ91wvkwmQr0_lhTRNr6jwim-uXBLCxHma_yfpq8TFs9cA_GAXsbv5j8TvgepQY5iFCNZDcop5x1Xr0OibPhilIfoE-FYG=s1291" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1291" data-original-width="1000" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7bz00hxBpvwkE_2YFWFycqk5J6ZeT6ibEemXsZ2Y6oM8n8s4hPgfBC-z6XOoJuzvdWC8fkWxbRD25UFlSGqeqxkNz_tyZ91wvkwmQr0_lhTRNr6jwim-uXBLCxHma_yfpq8TFs9cA_GAXsbv5j8TvgepQY5iFCNZDcop5x1Xr0OibPhilIfoE-FYG=s320" width="248" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">TIUPAN - SERUNAI/ PINAI/SERULING/ NAFIRI</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">PUKULAN TANGAN - KOMPANG/ REBANA/ GENDANG DUDUK</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">LOGAM- GONG</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">BERTALI- REBAB/ GAMBUS</div><br /><p></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-45315152214496156462022-01-02T18:31:00.003-08:002022-01-02T18:31:26.213-08:00LATIHAN MEMODENKAN BAHASA MELAYU KLASIK<p> LATIHAN BM KLASIK - BM MODEN</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Teks klasik </span></b><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">1</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Dengan tiada berapa
lamanya samapailah mereka itu ke negeri Daha itu. Maka Raden Inu segan masuk
lalu menanti di luar istana. Maka disuruhnya Jerude dan Kartala masuk
bersama-sama dengan Mahadewi akan menghadap Kebawah Duli Sang Ratu Daha itu.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Maka tatkala
dilihat oleh Sang Ratu akan Mahadewi datang dengan balut matanya, sungguhpun
selama ia pergi tiada dikenangnya, akan tetapi pada masa bertemu itu timbullah
belas dan kasihan di dalam hatinya serta teringatlah ia pada isterinya yang
sudah meninggal diracuni itu. Lagi pula baharulah ia tersedar akan dirinya dan baharulah
diketahuinya akan segala kejahatan Paduka Liku itu kerana pada masa itu
rupa-rupanya segala hikmat dan ubat-ubatan Paduka Liku itu telah hilang
kemanjurannya.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senaraikan nama-nama watak:</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">2.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">4.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">5.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">6.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">7.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senaraikan latar tempat:</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">2.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senaraikan isi penting:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">2.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">4.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">5.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">6.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><u><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Jawapan (Teks moden):</span></u></b><u><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Teks klasik </span></b><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">2</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Setelah dilihat oleh isterinya Seri
Rama, yang bernama Sita Dewi, keduanya bertari-tari dan melompat-lompat, maka
kata Sita Dewi kepada Seri Rama:</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">“Ya, tuanku, tangkaplah kijang dua
ekor itu akan permainan hamba,”</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Maka kata Seri Rama: “Tiada hamba
mahu akan dia mati, hanya hamba hendak dengan hidupnya juga,”</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Setelah Seri Rama mendengar kata
isterinya itu, maka Seri Rama pun segera mengambil panahnya lalu turun dari
rumahnya. Maka kata Seri Rama memanggil Laksamana seraya berkata:</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">“Hai, Laksamana, tinggallah adinda
menunggui kakanda Sita Dewi, aku pergi mengikut kijang dua ekor itu,”</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Setelah Seri Rama berkata demikian,
maka baginda pun berjalanlah. Setelah kijang itu melihat Seri Rama datang
mengikut dia, maka kijang itu pun larilah. Maka diikutnya juga oleh Seri Rama.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senarikan nama-nama
watak:</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senaraikan latar
tempat:</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Senaraikan isi
penting:</span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><u><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Jawapan (Teks
moden):</span></u></b><u><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-left: 3.8pt;"><o:p> </o:p></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-39853748969499654742022-01-02T18:30:00.002-08:002022-01-02T18:30:12.094-08:00MEMODENKAN PETIKAN PROSA KLASIK<p> <b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">MEMODENKAN PETIKAN PROSA KLASIK - sumber - telegram bm spm</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Memodenkan petikan prosa klasik bermakna memindah atau menukar bahasa
klasik atau lama menjadi bahasa Melayu baru atau moden. Biasanya, petikan yang
dipindahkan atau dimodenkan itu diambil atau dipetik daripada satu atau beberapa
perenggan sesebuah hikayat yang khusus menampilkan bahasa klasik, kuno ataupun
lama.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b><b><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">TEKNIK MEMODENKAN PETIKAN PROSA KLASIK</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/User/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Membaca dan
memahami petikan</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -18pt;">Baca keseluruhan petikan sehingga faham.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 3.8pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berikan tumpuan terhadap </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">persoalan atau isu utama</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> dalam petikan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">3.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Buat beberapa
catatan tentang </span><i style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">watak-watak, latar
tempat dan peristiwa-peristiwa</span></i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> yang berlaku dalam petikan.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/User/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><b style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Menganalisis dan
menulis serta memindahkan petikan prosa klasik menjadi petikan prosa moden</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">1.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Pelajar perlu ingat
bahawa jawapan yang ditulis mestilah dalam </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">bahasa Melayu moden</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">2</span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">.</span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Gariskan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
perkataan-perkataan </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">bahasa klasik</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> yang dapat ditukarkan.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">3.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Jangan pindahkan
secara ayat demi ayat</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">. Sebaliknya, fahamkan maksud keseluruhan petikan dan ceritakan semula.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">4.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Jangan menokok
tambah</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> dengan butir-butir atau fakta-fakta yang tidak terdapat dalam petikan.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">5.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Nama-nama khas
seperti nama watak, tempat dan peralatan </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">tidak boleh ditukar</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">(</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">mestilah
dikekalkan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">6.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Kata <b>“pun”</b> dan <b>“lah” </b>hendaklah
</span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">ditinggalkan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">. Contoh:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bahasa klasik: <i>maka seketika itu </i></span><i><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">pun</span></i><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> berputera</span></i><i><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">lah</span></i><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> tuan puteri itu
seorang anak lelaki.</span></i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bahasa moden: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>Selepas
itu, Tuan Puteri melahirkan seorang anak lelaki.</i><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">7.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Elakkan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> menggunakan
perkataan-perkataan lama seperti <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">arakian,
hatta, sebermula, alkisah, syahdan, sekali sepertua</i> dan lain-lain serta
perkataan-perkataan yang tidak lagi digunakan sekarang. </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Perkataan klasik</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> yang ada dalam
petikan tersebut</span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">, perlulah ditukarkan kepada bahasa moden</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">. Ini penting kerana jika anda
mengekalkan perkataan klasik tersebut, markahakan dipotong kerana tidak
menepati arahan soalan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">8.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Bahasa Istana </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">tidak perlu</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> diganti dengan
perkataan lain atau perkataan yang seerti dengannya.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">9.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Ayat-ayat panjang,
berbelit-belit dan tidak jelas hendaklah </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">dipecahkan kepada beberapa ayat</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> supaya pendek dan
jelas maksudnya.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Contoh:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Maka Sultan Melaka pun hairan melihat paras puteri Cina itu, disuruhnya
masuk Islam, telah sudah maka baginda pun berkahwinlah dengan puteri itu,
beranak Paduka Seri Cina, ayah kepada Paduka Isap.”</span></i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><b><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Jawapan:</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">“Sultan Melaka takjub apabila melihat kecantikan Tuan Puteri Cina itu.
Baginda lalu menitahkan supaya Tuan Puteri itu memeluk agama Islam. Selepas
itu, baginda berkahwin dengan puteri itu dan mendapat seorang putera bernama
Paduka Seri Cina yang menjadi ayah kepada Paduka Isap."</span></i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">10.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Tukarkan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> struktur ayat
pasif menjadi struktur </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">ayat aktif</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> b</o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ahasa klasik: <i>maka oleh Hang Tuah </i></span><i><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">dipalang</span></i><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> kepada dua orang
yang mengamuk itu terbelah dua.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Bahasa moden: <i>lalu Hang Tuah </i></span><b><i><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">memarang</span></i></b><i><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> </span></i><i><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">dua orang yang mengamuk itu dan terbelah
dua.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">11.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Tukarkan</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> ayat-ayat songsang
kepada </span><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">ayat biasa</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Contoh:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Ayat songsang<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>: “<i>Hendaklah
diperliharakan kamu sekalian dan dia”</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Ayat biasa<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>:<i> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Kamu sekalian hendaklah memeliharanya”</b></i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">12.</span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">Perbualan atau Cakap Ajuk yang
terdapat dalam petikan (<i>jika ada </i></span><i style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">mestilah ditulis dalam perenggan baru</span></i><i style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> atau boleh juga ditukarkan menjadi </span></i><i style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #00b050; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">ayat Cakap Pindah</span></i><i style="text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="color: #0c0c0b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"> yang telah dimodenkan, tetapi ditulis dalam satu perenggan sahaja.)</span></i></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-84816440421324048052022-01-02T18:24:00.006-08:002022-01-11T15:43:10.544-08:00MAKNA BAHASA MELAYU KLASIK<p> </p><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4.9pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 608px;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td nowrap="" style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">bahasa klasik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">bahasa moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Adanya demikian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Demikian halnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">adipati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">kepala daerah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">afwah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Berkat/ tuah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Agus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gelaran panggilan hormat/
bagus/ mulia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Ambal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Berarak-arak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Anta permana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tidak terkira<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Arakian/ arakian sesudah itu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Maka/ selepas itu/ sesudah itu/ seterusnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Astaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Balai pertemuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Astakona<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Segi lapan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Atip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Susun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bahari<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Indah/ cantik/ bijaksana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Balai rong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tempat menghadap raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Barang bila<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Apabila<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Batu jemala<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">kepala<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bawakan persiapan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Dijamukan/ dihidangkan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>makanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Beka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bercakap/ berbual/ bergurau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">belasungkawa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bersedih/ berduka cita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bentur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Lawan/ berbunuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Beradu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tidur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berbasa-basi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bersopan santun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bercempera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bertempiaran/ pecah belah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 22;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bermukah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berzina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berpalis memalis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">memandang ke arah lain kerana malu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berserama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bermain gendang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bersuka-suka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berpesta/ bergembira<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 26;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bini aji<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Gundik raja/ <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 27;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Buana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Dunia/ bumi/ alam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 28;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Cacau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tidak tentu arah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 29;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Candawara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Peti tempat simpan wang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 30;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Citra<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Gambaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 31;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Dian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Lampu pelita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 32;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Dikenderai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Ditunggang/ dinaiki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 33;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Fiil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Perangai/ sikap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 34;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Fulus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Wang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 35;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Gegap- gempita<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Riuh rendah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 36;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Geladak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kapal/ perahu besar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 37;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Gemala<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Batu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 38;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Guna pengasihh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Guna-guna/ jampi/ membuat orang kasih<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 39;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Gundah gulana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Sangat sedih/ tidak tenteram<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 40;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Hatta<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Maka/ kemudian dari irt/ sampai/ hingga<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 41;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Istirahat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berehat/ menghilangkan penat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 42;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Jauh hati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Berkecil hati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 43;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Jungor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Bahagian depan kapal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 44;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Juragan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">nakhoda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 45;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kandil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Lampu/ pelita/ bekas kecil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 46;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kasur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tilam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 47;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kelambir kotai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kelapa kering<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 48;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Kepetangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">cerdik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 49;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Khayali<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Khalayan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 50;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Lalu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Langsung/ seterusnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 51;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Layskar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Askar/ tentera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 52;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Masyghul<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">sedih<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 53;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Membuangkan diri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Mengasingkan diri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 54;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Menyembah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Member hormat/ menghadap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 55;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Merupakan diri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Menyamar menjadi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 56;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Meta<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">mengamuk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 57;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Murka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Marah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 58;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Murka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Marah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 59;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Orang keluaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Orang kebanyakan/ orang asing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 60;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Pelang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Sejenis perahu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 61;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Penjurit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Perajurit/ tentera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 62;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Pitis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">wang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 63;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Poci<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Cerek<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 64;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Sahaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Saya/ hamba<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 65;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Sanggah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Melawan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 66;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Santap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Makan dan minum untuk raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 67;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tidak lalu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Tidak larat/ tidak sanggup terus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 68; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: none; border: 1pt solid windowtext; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 169pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">Utusan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: none; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-top: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 287pt;" valign="bottom" width="383">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-MY;">wakil<span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-82194794554936857122021-04-13T19:32:00.002-07:002021-04-13T19:32:28.043-07:00latihan FN FA FK FS<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 5.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 2.05pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nyatakan
pola ayat bagi setiap ayat di bawah sama ada FN+FN, FN+FK, FN+FA, atau<span style="letter-spacing: -1.75pt;"> </span>FN+FS</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: .55pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bunga itu <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sungguh
cantik dan berbau<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>harum</b>. 1. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jam tangan itu <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">untuk emak sempena hari<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>lahirnya</b>.
2. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pelajar kelas 5 Budiman <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang mengulang kaji<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>pelajaran</b>.
3. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kucing peliharaan Lee Min Ho <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">bernama
Si Comel</b>. 4. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Adik saya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sangat comel dan<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>manja</b>. 5. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kami sekeluarga <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">akan ke Kuala Lumpur hujung minggu<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ini</b>.
6. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pemuda itu <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>menari</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>7. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Encik Zahid <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">seorang<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>jurutera</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>8. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cikgu Farah Fauzana <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>kami</b>.
9. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rumah saya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">di Taman Johor<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Jaya</b>. 10. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kakak Santhi <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang membaca<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>buku</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>11. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kasut
Meganathan <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sudah buruk.</b> 12. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Penyanyi itu <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">jiran<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>saya</b>.
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>13. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nasi lemak Mak Faridah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sangat sedap</b>. 14. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Emak <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang menanak nasi di<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>dapur</b>.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>15.
FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pokok itu <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pokok<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span>rambutan</b>. 16. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dewan sekolah
Rajinikanth <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sangat<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>besar</b>. 17. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">18.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Baju saya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">berwarna
merah<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>hati</b>. 18. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">19.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tulisan Bahum
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sangat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>kemas</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>19. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">20.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rumah
Samantha Akkineni <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">rumah<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>batu</b>. 20. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">21.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kampung datuk Salleh <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">di Pasir<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Gudang</b>. 21. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">22.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bapa mertua Naim
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">seorang<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>guru</b>. 22. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">23.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wei Sing dan Sing Wei <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>berbual-bual</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>23. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">24.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Shahril <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sedang
merengek-rengek</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>24. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">25.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pungut <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ialah
anak angkat Mak<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Timah</b>. 25. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">26.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mak Timah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sayang akan<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>Pungut</b>. 26. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">27.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Suhada <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sudah
berusia dua puluh empat<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>tahun</b>. 27.
FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">28.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mak Zarina dan Naemah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">di rumah anak lelaki Mak Zarina</b>. 28. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">29.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Israk yang
baru pertama kali ke rumah mertuanya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">berasa
tidak<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>selesa</b>. 29. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">30.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nenek Hasbah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">menyayangi anak<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>cucunya</b>. 30.
FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">31.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nek Wah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">sayang akan Firdaus <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Intan.</b> 31. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">32.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Adam <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pulang
ke Kampung<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Glugor</b>. 32. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">33.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Rumah Wani
Hasrita <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">di tepi sungai</b>. 33. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">34.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wahid <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">tidak suka budak-budak itu bertengkar di
dalam<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>rumahnya</b>. 34. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">35.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Amin <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">insaf
setelah peristiwa lemas di<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>sungai</b>.
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>35. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">36.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kita <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">mesti ada jati diri dan pegangan agama yang<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>teguh</b>. 36. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">37.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bijak dan
berani</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">
Pak<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Husain. 37. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">38.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gembira Khalid</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> bertemu Pak<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Husain. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>38.
FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">39.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Pak Husain <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ialah
Pahlawan<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Buntung</b>. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>39. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">40.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Memperdayakan tentera Jepun</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Pak<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Ramli. 40.FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">41.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kami <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">di Kampung Pulau Pak Amat ketika tentera
Jepun<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>menyerang</b>. 41. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">42.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Partiban <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ke
Kampung Dal untuk<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>bersembunyi</b>. 42.
FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">43.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Generasi
sekarang <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">belum menghayati erti
kemerdekaan dengan<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>sepenuhnya</b>. 43.
FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">44.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Di tepi laut</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> rumah
Salmah. 44. FN+FS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">45.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tiang Cengal Dinding Sayong</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> ialah tajuk<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>drama. 45. FN+FN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">46.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Salmah sedih</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> kerana
anak-anaknya mementingkan diri<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>sendiri.
46. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">47.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Salamiah <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">yang sedang berdukacita mendapat berita
suaminya masih<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span>hidup</b>. 47. FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">48.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Tuk Wali yang
sangat cinta akan ilmu persilatan <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">ditikam
oleh<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>cucunyasendiri</b>. 48.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>FN+FK</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 14.9pt; margin-left: 26.65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">49.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nenek saya <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">masih<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>kuat</b>. 49. FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 26.65pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: .05pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 26.7pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-width: 99%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">50.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cikgu Samsuddin
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">amat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>garang.</b> 50. <a name="_GoBack"></a>FN+FA</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-72451186190156839342021-03-06T17:22:00.002-08:002021-03-06T17:22:09.406-08:00BAB 10 KECEMERLANGAN MALAYSIA DI PERSADA DUNIA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 10 – Kecemerlangan Malaysia Di Persada Dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam Isu Global Kontemporari<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyalahgunaan dadah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bekerjasama
menangani masalah penyeludupan dadah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bekerjasama
dengan INTERPOL<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melaksanakan
hukuman berat kepada pesalah dadah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertindihan sempadan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
tuntutan Batu Putih antara Malaysia dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tuntutan
Pulau Sipadan dan Ligitan – Malaysia dan Indonesia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kata
putus oleh mahkamah antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
kepulauan Spratly antara China/Vietnam/Brunei dan Filipina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kempen antiminyak sawit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Minyak
sawit mendapat saingan daripada minyak soya keluaran AS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memburukkan
minyak sawit ( pencemaran alam sekitar/ kemusnahan hutan dan habitat haiwan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
cuba meyakinkan negara luar tentang kualiti minyak sawit/ dan isu kesihatan/
kolesterol<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerdagangan orang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkembangan
ekonomi Malaysia menarik kehadiran penduduk luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebanjiran
pendatang asing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
sendiket yang membawa masuk / menipu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyakit berjangkit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama
menangani AIDS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemeriksaan
kesihatan berterusan/ kempen/ penerangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hari
AIDS sedunia 1/12 setiap tahun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan Malaysia Dalam Hubungan Ekonomi
Antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meluaskan pasaran ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama
dalam pemasaran barangan keluaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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ekonomi melalui AFTA ( mengurangkan tarif dan cukai barangan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dominasi ekonomi negara maju<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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berhadapan dengan pelbagai sekatan dan halangan dagangan melalui tarif dan
cukai<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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menjejaskan dagangan/ eksport bahan/ barangan negara ini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyuarakan
pandangan di sidang APEC kerjasama ekonomi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Asia Pasifik )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama pembangunan ekonomi segi tiga<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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wilayah Johor/ Singapura dan Riau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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mengurangkan monopoli penguasaan pasaran barangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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koperasi ASEAN/ bank Asean<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani kemelesetan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1997-1998
berlaku kemelesetan ekonomi dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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kejatuhan nilai ringgit/ akibat spekulasi mata wang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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luar kurang keyakinan melabur di negara ini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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berhutang dengan Tabung kewangan antarabangsa IMF<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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gunakan pendekatan menebat kadar tukaran ringgit kepada RM 1 = US 3.80 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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ini berjaya memulihkan ekonomi <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengantarabangsakan sistem kewangan islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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sistem perbankan Islam sebagai sebahagian daripada sistem ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadi
pasaran sukuk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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tempat tumpuan dana dari negara Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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INCEIF/ pusat antarabangsa pendidikan kewangan islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelibatan Rakyat Dalam Isu Kemanusiaan
Dan Keamanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu Palestin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejak
1948 Rejim Zionis Israel melakukan kezaliman/ pengusiran dan pembunuhan
terhadap penduduk Palestin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan
NGO membangkitkan isu ini- Aman Palestin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membantu
rakyat – derma/ bantuan pakaian ubat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu Syria<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Krisis
politik berlaku pada 2011/ berlaku kesengsaraan pada rakyat / kekurangan
makanan dan kemudahan perubatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menerima
pelarian Syria<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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– Global Peace Mission ,Cinta Syria Malaysia, MyCare<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tsunami Aceh dan Sri Lanka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tsunami
berlaku pada 2004- memusnahkan banyak kawasan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bantuan
perubatan/kemanusiaan/ makanan/keperluan harian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">NGO
– Mercy Malaysia/ ABIM, Yayasan Restu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usaha Mengekalkan Kelestarian Global<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengsiytiharkan deklarasi Langkawi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Untuk
mengekalkan/memulihara alam sekitar 1989<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani
kesan rumah hijau, pemanasan global, pencemaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Anugerah
Langkawi / Dasar Alam Sekitar negara 2002<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isytiharkan
Langkawi sebagai Geopark<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar
Teknologi Hijau negara 2009<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyertai sidang kemuncak bumi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengenai
isu kemiskinan kebuluran dan kemerosotan ekosistem<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengurangkan
pembebasan gas rumah hijau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menggalakkan
penggunaan tenaga baharu – tenaga solar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Antartika sebagai warisan sejagat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Anggap
penerokaan benua antartika dilakukan secara tidak adil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendesak
PBB menjadikan Antartika sebagai warisan manusia sejagat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cadangkan
Semua hasil dikongsi bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menghantar
penyelidik ke sana – Dr hj Omar Abdul Rahman 1985<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
kajian perubahan iklim dan gas rumah hijau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Wawasan Malaysia Menuju Masa Hadapan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Komuniti ASEAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditubuhkan
pada 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencerminkan
aspirasi negara anggotanya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Focus
pada ekonomi, sosiobudaya dan keselamatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keselamatan makanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tujuan
– makanan cukup/ tiada kebuluran/ kekurangan zat makanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
yang perlu ditangani – kenaikan harga barangan, bekalan makanan yang terhad,
isu bencana alam, pencemaran makanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
simpanan beras kecemasan ASEAN ( stok )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Alam sekitar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
jerebu ( pencemaran udara yang berulang akibat pembakaran hutan untuk pertanian
di Sumatera dan Borneo )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjejaskan
kesihatan/ meningkatkan belanja / rawatan kesihatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian
pencemaran jerebu merentas sempadan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tangani
masalah pembakaran tanah gambut<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Zon bebas nuklear<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
menolak penggunaan senjata nuklear dalam apa-apa situasi (
mengembang/mengeluar/memperoleh/memiliki/mengawal/ menggunakan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
mahu kawasan Asia Tenggara dipengaruhi oleh kuasa besar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencadangkan
Selat Melaka/ Laut China Selatan bebas daripada kapal yang membawa senjata
nuklear<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerelevanan organisasi antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PBB
dan OIC tidak mampu melaksanakan tugas dengan baik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membangkitkan
isu penggunaan kuasa veto oleh kuasa besar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persidangan
negara Islam pada 2019 di KL bertujuan merapatkan jurang dan kedudukan
masyarakat Islam di serata dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hak asasi manusia/ pelarian dan pendatang
tanpa izin / PATI<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
yang melanda dunia – hak asasi manusia/ pendatang tanpa izin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kehadiran
PATI membawa kesan pada sosial,ekonomi,jenayah,politik dan hubungan diplomatik
dan boleh menggugat keselamatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menubuhkan
SUHAKAM pada 1999<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-10519673843679196012021-03-06T17:21:00.002-08:002021-03-06T17:21:19.045-08:00BAB DASAR LUAR MALAYSIA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 9 – Dasar Luar Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hubungan luar sebelum Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerajaan
awal P’an pan, Langkasuka dan Chih Tu telah mengadakan hubungan dengan China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ianya
berlaku sekitar 523 Masehi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hubungan luar kesultanan Melayu Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hubungan
dalam bentuk diplomatik dan perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diplomatik
– China/ Ryukyu/ Siam/ Makasar/Pasai/Turki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perdagangan
– China/ Yaman/Pegu/Luzon/ Gujerat/ Bengal/ Mesir/Turki/ Parsi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepentingan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjamin kestabilan dan keselamatan
kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjamin kemakmuran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membantu Melaka sebagai pusat penyebaran
Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengekalkan penguasaan perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperoleh perakuan tentang kedaulatan
Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Zaman British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hal
ehwal luar dikuasai oleh<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pejabat Tanah
Jajahan di London<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selepas kemerdekaan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Boleh
gubal sendiri dasar luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Awal
– probarat dan antikomunis ( zaman Tunku Abdul Rahman )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Zaman
Tun Razak – tidak memihak/ menjalinkan hubungan tanpa mengira ideologi negara
lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asas Penggubalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Matlamat penggubalan dasar luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Suasana
politik wilayah/ serantau dan antarabangsa banyak mempengaruhi dasar luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama
dibuat demi kepentingan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan
kementerian luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Matlamat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempertahankan kemerdekaan dan kedaulatan
negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melindungi kepentingan nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memupuk hubungan baik dengan negara luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani permasalahan politik/ ekonomi
dan sosial semasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faktor penggubalan dasar luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ikatan
sejarah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jalinan hubungan sedia ada sebelum ini
diteruskan – negera serantau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hubungan keagamaan – Arab Saudi/ Mesir/
Yaman/Turki<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyertai Komanwel ( negara bekas jajahan
British )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keperluan
nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memberikan keutamaan kepada negara/
kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Untuk jaga kebajikan rakyat/keperluan
ekonomi/ politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanpa mengira ideologi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepimpinan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemimpin peka pada perkembangan/ isu
antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar hubungan dengan negara membangun /
Afrika <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diamalkan pada zaman Tun Mahathir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persekitaran
luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkembangan semasa yang sentiasa berubah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh – isu Perang Dingin/ Perang Dunia
Kedua/ isu apartied/ isu pemerdagangan orang/ nuklear/ perang saudara/ rampasan
kuasa dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PBB
ditubuhkan pada 1945<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
menganggotai PBB sejak merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penglibatan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar
asas – hidup bersama secara aman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendukung Piagam PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menegakkan
hak asasi manusia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanpa
membezakan kaum/jantina/bahasa/agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep
hormat-menghormati kedaulatan wilayah negara lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
campur tangan dalam hal ehwal negara lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Terlibat dalam agansi PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">UNOESCO-
beberapa tempat di negara ini disiytiharkan sebagai Tapak Warisan Dunia (
Gunung Mulu dan Taman Kinabalu/ Bandar Melaka/ Georgetown/ Lembah Lenggong<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertubuhan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Makanan Sedunia –<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">WHO
/pertubuhan kesihatan sedunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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isu pelarian <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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anggota tidak tetap kerusi majlis keselamatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sumbangan dalam misi pengaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Bosnia dan Herzegovina 1992-1995<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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– 2007 /Ethiopia – 200-2008 / Congo -1964 /Namibia – 1989 -1990/ Somalia – 1992
-1995/ Kemboja / Cambodia – 1992 -1993/Timor Leste – 1999 -2002<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Misi pegawai pemerhati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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/ kemboja/Angola/ Timor Leste dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tokoh Malaysia dalam agensi PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tan
Sri Dr Jemilah Mahmood – perubatan dan aktivis kemanusiaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Maimunah Mohd Sharif – isu kehidupan bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tan
Sri Razali Ismail – diplomat / menangani isu ekonomi/ wakil khas setiausaha
agung PBB ke Myanmar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dr
Jomo Kwame Sundram –pembangunan ekonomi dan pembangunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Sri Aboo Samah Aboo Bakar – pemerintah tentera<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>UNOSOM di Somalia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam Komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyertaan dan sumbangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rancangan Colombo <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial 1951<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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masalah kemiskinan dalam kalangan negara Komanwel yang belum membangun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Beri
khidmat nasihat pendidikan/ pertanian/ teknikal dan kesihatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama pertahanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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Malaysia dengan British ( kerjasama pertahanan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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membantu negara komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dengan
negara komanwel untuk hubungan ekonomi/ dagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjual
komoditi ke negara anggota<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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cukai yang lebih rendah/ kemudahan kredit/ bantuan dana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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pelaburan dari negara komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penentangan dasar apartied<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar
apartied / melayan rakyat dengan membezakan warna kulit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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di negara Afrika Selatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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– Nelson Mandela disokong oleh Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mesyuarat ketua-ketua negara komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mesyuarat
CHOGM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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isu semasa antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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menjadi tuan rumah pada 1989<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sukan komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dijalankan
4 tahun sekali<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengeratkan
hubungan antara anggota<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran Mengukuhkan Dasar Luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran politik<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>antarabangsa - dasar berkecuali/ tanpa
mengira ideologi negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran politik serantau – penyebaran /
perluasan pengaruh komunis di Indochina menyebabkan ketidakstabilan di rantau
Asia Tenggara. Berlaku kebanjiran pendatang asing dari Vietnam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran keselamatan dan pertahanan –Malaysia
tandatangani perjanjian pertahanan Lima negara FPDA pada 1971 ( Malaysia/
Singapura/ Britain/ New Zealand dan Australia )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengadakan latihan pertahanan bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mesyuarat menteri pertahanan ASEAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran pembangunan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Masalah
eskonomi negara disebabkan oleh negara maju lain mengawal harga bahan mentah
yang dihasilkan di negara ini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
menganggotai persatuan Majlis Timah Antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
menubuhkan Petronas untuk mengusahakan industri minyak dan gas negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam ASEAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelibatan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditubuhkan
pada 1961 – Malaysia/Filipina/ Thailand<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1963
– Malaysia/ Filipina/ Indonesia ( MAPHILINDO )- gagal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1967
– Malaysia/Indonesia/ Singapura/ Filipina/ Thailand<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sekarang
– Brunei/ Myanmar/ Laos, Kemboja dan Vietnam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ZOPFAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maksud
– zon aman bebas dan berkecuali<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1971-
deklarasi Kuala Lumpur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama
dengan negara China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendapat
pengiktirafan daripada kuasa besar – AS Rusia dan China<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyelesaian konflik Serantau<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berlaku
konflik di Indocgina ( Vietnam/ Kemboja )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditakuti
akan menjejaskan kestabilan negara ASEAN/ Asia Tenggara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berkaitan
dengan isu komunis dan pelarian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
membantu pelarian Vietnam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia
menghantar pasukan pengaman di bawah PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama
pengeluaran baja urea di Indonesia dan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengeluaran
baja fosfat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan kuprum di Filipina<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep
integrasi ekonomi Asean<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penggunaan
mata wang Asean ( belum dapat dilaksanakan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemotongan
cukai dagangan antara negara anggota<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bidang
pendidikan/ pertukaran pelajar/ penubuhan pusat pendidikan serantau RECSAM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Festival
kebudayaan dan kesenian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sukan
SEA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam Nam ( Pergerakan negara
Tanpa Pihak )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadi
tuan rumah sidang kemuncak 2003<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyatakan
isu Iraq/ Palestin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan dalam politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyuarakan
sikap Malaysia terhadap dasar Apartied di Afrika Selatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
Bosnia dan Herzegovina yang ditekan oleh Serbia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar keamanan dan berkecuali<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berpendapat
kuasa besar seperti China Rusia dan AS perlu mengakui dan tidak campur tangan
dalam negara lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendesak
pengharaman kuasa nuklear<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">h.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia Dalam OIC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelibatan Melaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Idea
Tunku Abdul Rahman untuk menyatukan negara Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">TAR
menjadi setiausaha agung OIC pertama 1970 -1974<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengerusi OIC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tun
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi – 2003<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani
isu keganasan kemiskinan dan kemunduran yang terpalit pada negara Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melibatkan
pembiayaian pelajaran dan kebajikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembinaan
UIA / biasiswa pelajar dari negara OIC untuk belajar di sini<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani isu politik negara islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
negara bergolak – Palestin / Afghanistan / Iran-Iraq<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berusaha
membincangkan gencatan senjata<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadi
anggota pasukan pengaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persidangan
serantau berkaitan dengan isu Palestin<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembanguan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyokong
penubuhan Bank Pembangunan Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan
Bank Islam Malaysia 1983<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-49648083656355598112021-03-06T17:20:00.002-08:002021-03-06T17:20:30.721-08:00BAB 8 MEMBINA KEMAKMURAN NEGARA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 8 – Membina Kemakmuran negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan DEB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dilaksanakan dalam tempoh 20 tahun ( 1970
-1990 )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dicadangkan oleh Majlis Perundingan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Matlamat DEB <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencapai
perpaduan dan kesejahteraan kaum <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu sosioekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jurang
sosioekonomi antara bumiputera dan bukan bumiputera / negeri pantai timur dan
pantai barat/ desa dan bandar/ antara negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Strategi <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membasmi
kemiskinan ( menambah pendapatam / memperbanyak peluang pekerjaan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyusun
semula maysrakat ( mengurangkan/ menghapuskan pengenalan kaum mengikut fungsi
ekonomi )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelaksanaan DEB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tujuan - Meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rancangan buku hijau ( menggalakkan
sektor pertanian )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan agensi kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">FELDA dan FELCRA( pembukaan tanah/
penanaman semula )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan wilayah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemilikan modal saham ( ASB/ASN )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengenalan industri kecil dan sederhana /
IKS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendidikan tenaga kerja mahir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang pembentukan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dilancarkan
oleh Dr M pada 1991<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesinambungan
DEB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Matlamat dasar pembangunan nasional ( DPN
)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencapai
perpaduan negara melalui pengagihan kekeyaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melalui
pembangunan seimbang antara negeri / bandar/ aspek<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Objektif<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mewujudkan
masarakat yang bersatu padu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memprkukuh
kestablian sosial dan politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengekalkan
pembangunan ekonomi yang berterusan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencapai
tahap negara maju<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Strategi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penglibatan aktif pihak swasta dalam
pembangunan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melaksanakan program penanaman semula<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penggunaan sains dan teknologi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meningkatkan pemilikan saham bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memberikan inssentif serta kemudahan
pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mewujudkan masyarakat perdagangan dan
perindustrian bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membentuk mayarakat yang berdisiplin dan
progresif<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kemudahan
fizikal dan alam sekitar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan dan menambah kemudahan asas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan mapan tanpa mengabaikan alam
sekitar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelaksanaan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembasmian kemiskinan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemberian
subsidi dan sokongan ( penanam padi/ nelayan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latihan
kepada golongan belia/ pusat latihan/ ILP/Giatmara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyusunan semula masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meningkatkan
tenaga dan penyertaan bumiputera dalam pengurusan sector moden – pembuatan dan
perkhidmatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latihan
dalam pengurusan harta/ etiak perniagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemberian
kontrak/ koata/ lesen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menambah
bilangan IKS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usahasama
perniagaan antara bumiputera dan bukan bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendedahan
teknologi baru/ kemudahan modal/ maklumat pasaran/ hubungan perniagaan dalam
pasaran antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyusunan semula modal saham<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencapai
30% dalam pemilikan/ penguasaan dan pengurusan sector moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penswastaan
MARA/ PERNAS/ PKEN ( perbadanan kemajuan ekonomi negeri )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan wilayah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MARDI-
institut penyelidikan dan kemajuan pertanian Malaysia <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep
pertanian pintar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meningkatkan
kemudahan fizikal/ pendidikan/ kesihatan dan perumahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mewujudkan
pertumbuhan baharu ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencapaian DEB Dan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Aspek sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penurunan
kadar kemiskinan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membuka peluang pekerjaan/ menambah
pendapatan isi rumah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">49.3% 1970 kepada 17.1% pada<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1990<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peningkatan
kualiti hidup<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peningkatan tahap kesihatan ( adanya
pembinaan klinik dan hospital )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Taraf pendidikan semakin baik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kemunculan
golongan pertengahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meningkatkan jumlah pekerja di bandar –
peniaga/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>guru / peguam/ jurutera/
pegawai kerajaan/ doktor dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Masyarakat
perdagangan dan perindustrian bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memasuki dunia perniagaan/ korporat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bidang – perbankan/ pemodal saham/
pemilik syarikat / usahawan muda<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan
pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Muncul IPTA/IPTA( peluang meningkatkan
taraf sosial )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepelbagaian fakulti/ aliran baru –
perindustrian/ k-ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengangkutan
dan perhubungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jaringan jalan raya/ pengangkutan udara/
kereta api dan pelabuhan moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memudahkan integrasi antara Semenanjung
dengan Sabah dan Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkembangan
wilayah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kemunculan bandar baru – Jenka ( Bandar
Tun Abdul Razak )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kemudahan perkhidmatan – pos/ hospital/
bank/institusi pendidikan/ stadium / pusat perniagaan/ pejabat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">kilang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Aspek ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perindustrian
berteknologi tinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penggunaan jentera moden/berat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membaiki kapal/ industri besi dan keluli/
logi gas dan cecair/ kilang penapis petroleum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kawasan
perindustrian baharu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Estet perindustrian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Taman teknologi perindustrian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Zon perindustrian bebas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kenderaan
buatan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan PROTON/ PERODUA/ MODENAS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membuka peluang pekerjaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-17632160315393585242021-03-06T17:19:00.006-08:002021-03-06T17:19:48.023-08:00BAB 7 MEMBINA KESEJAHTERAAN NEGARA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 7 – Membina Kesejahteraan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perpaduan Dan Integrasi Nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maksud perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perpaduan kaum ialah keadaan rakyat
daripada pelbagai etnik/ agama dan wilayah hidup dengan aman dalam masyarakat
yang bersatu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Integrasi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>nasional – proses dinamik yang merapatkan hubungan antara negeri dengan
wilayah bagi membentuk satu bangsa. Identity mereka masih dikekalkan.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang hubungan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pentadbiran
British menyebabakan berlakunya pemisahan kaum dari segi ekonomi dan
pertempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pekerja
buruh Cina dan India – terlibat dalam sector perlombongan/ perladangan dan
perniagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kaum
bumiputera tertumpu di kawasan luar bandar dan terlibat dengan kegiatan ekonomi
tradisional ( petani/ nelayan / pesawah )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemisahan
pertempatan – bandar dan luar bandar/ lading – menyebabkan kurang interaksi
antara kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sistem
pendidikan –wujudnya sekolah vernacular Melayu / cina/ india dan inggeris.
Pendidikan ini berkembang sehingga merdeka. Ia mewujdukan perbezaan pemikiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fahaman
politik/ parti politik yang ditubuhkan berasaskan memenuhi tuntutan kaum
masing-masing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkasakan perpaduan dan integrasi
nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendekatan
politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan Jabatan Perpaduan negara –
melahirkan Rukun negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan Majis Muhibah negara – 1969<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan Majlis Perundingan negara –
1970- beri garis panduan kerjasama antara kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membentuk gabungan parti politik pelbagai
kaum – Parti Perikatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyelaraskan perkhidmatan awam antara
semua negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendekatan
ekonomi <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menerusan Rancangan Pembangunan Lima
Tahun Malaysia – focus pada pertumbuhan ekonomi semua kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkenalkan Dasar Ekonomi Baru/ Dasar
Pembangunan Nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Member tumpuan pada pembangunan
masyarakat luar bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memajukan
bidang perindustrian dan perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penghijrahan
penduduk luar bandar ke bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan
ekonomi wilayah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendekatan sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menambah
baik dasar Pendidikan Kebangsaan – Akta Pendidikan 1996<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Laporan
Rahman Talib/ Laporan JK cabinet dan Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendidikan
untuk melahirkan patriotic / semangat cinta akan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkasakan
bahasa Melayu – penubuhan DBP/UKM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menggalakkan
pengamalan satu kebudayaan / dikongsi bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadikan
sukan sebagai medium perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkenalkan
Rukun negara <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar Pendidikan Kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dibentuk
untuk memupuk perpaduan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dilaksanakan
melalui Penyata JK Pelajaran 1956 dan Ordinan Pelajaran 1957<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Laporan Rahman Talib<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Untuk
semak semula dan kukuhkan Penyata JK <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadi
asas pada Akta Pelajaran 1961<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadikan
BM sebagai bahasa penghantar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengadakan
kurikulum yang sama/ berorientasikan negara bagi semua jenis sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menekankan
mata pelajaran sejarah untuk menanam perasaan cinta dan setia kepada negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mewajibkan
mata pelajaran Tatarakyat – membentuk tolerasni/ kerjasama dan persefahaman
antara kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Laporan JK Kabinet 1974<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkenalkan
KBSR ( kurikulum baru sekolah rendah ) 1982/ KSSM ( 1988 )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bahasa
Melayu sebagai bahasa perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menekankan
pendidikan kerohanian ( Pendidikan Islam dan Moral )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Aktiviti
kokurikulum – unit beruniform/ sukan dan permainan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Digubal
pada 1988 untuk memperteguh hala tuju dan matlamat pendidikan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menekankan
pendidikan yang menyeluruh dan bersepadu dan seimbang dari segi
jasmani/emosi/rohani dan intelek<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akta Pendidikan 1996<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkukuh
peranan Bahasa Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengajaran
bahasa Melayu sebagai mp wajib di semua institusi pendidikan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Di
IPT / IPTS – Pengajian Malaysia/ Pendidikan Islam/ Pendidikan Moral<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bahasa Melayu Sebagai Bahasa Ilmu Dan
Perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akta Bahasa Kebangsaan 1967<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bahasa rasmi pentadbiran – dalam semua
urusan rasmi kerajaan / dalam mahkamah mulai 1990<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkasakan bahasa Melayu dalam sistem
pendidikan – guru bahasa digunakan di sekolah hebat pada awalnya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan UKM 1970<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menggunakan
BM sebagi bahasa penghantar dalam pengajaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjalankan
penyelidikan dalam bidang bahasa /sastera dan budaya Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadikan
UKM sebagai pusat keilmuan BM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DBP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditubuhkan
pada 1956<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengembangkan
aktiviti berbahasa dan saatera melalui penerbitan buku dan majalah/ risalah/
seminar/ bengkel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menganjurkan
minggu/ bulan bahasa kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Slogan
Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa 1960<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar Kebudayaan Kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejarah pembentukan - 1971<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Matlamat pembentukan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengukuhkan
perpaduan bangsa dan negara melalui kebudayaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pupuk/
pelihara keperibadian kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkaya
dan mempertingkat kualiti kehidupan manusia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Agensi pelaksana<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melibatkan
semua kementerian/ agenda dan jabatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
– Kementerian Pelancongan kesenian dan Pelancongan/ istana budaya/ ASWARA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Citrawarna Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sebagai
program anjuran kementerian kebudayaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dianjurkan
pada 1999<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperagakan
kebudayaan/ pakaian/ tarian dan nyanyian rakyat pelbagai kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Di
adakan di dataran merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penggiat budaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melahirkan
tokoh budayawan – Azah Aziz/ tokoh seni muzik – Hamzah Dolmat/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lim Swee Tin -Tokoh sastera Shuhaibun Yussuf
– budaya dan kesusasteraan Sabah, Mathew Ngau Jau – pemuzik sape dari Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sukan Sebagai Alat Perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sukan dan perpaduan melalui pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar
satu murid satu sukan/ RIMUP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan
penglibatan pelajar dalam sukan dan permainan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kejohanan
olahraga<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tahunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Majlis Sukan Universiti Malaysia ( MASUM
) 1974 – dianjurkan antara university secara dwitahunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">SUKMA- mulai 1986 disertai oleh 13 negeri
dan wilayah persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penganjuran sukan bertaraf dunia = hoki/
sukan komanwel/ piala Thomas/ sukan sea/ formula 1/ le tour de langkawi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kejayaan Malaysia kebanggan bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kejayaan
pasukan negara membanggakan semua rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sokongan
kepada pasukan negara tanpa mengira kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Laungan Malaysia Boleh – dapat
menunjukkan semangat patriotism dalam kalangan masyarakat / mulai Piala Thomas
1992<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan organisasi – Kementerian Belia
dan sukan/ Majlis sukan negara/ majlis olimpik Malaysia/ persatuan sukan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepimpinan sukan yang berwibawa- lahir
tokoh pemimpin sukan / melibatkan pelbagai lapisan masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rukun negara Sebagai Tonggak
Kesejahteraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">sejarah<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>pembentukan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">matlamat kea rah kesejahteraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">prinsip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">kepercayaan
kepada tuhan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">kesetiaan
kepada raja dan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">keluhuran
perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">kedaulatan
undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">kesopanan
dan kesusilaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-69857860341120874602021-03-06T17:19:00.000-08:002021-03-06T17:19:01.096-08:00BAB 6 CABARAN SELEPAS PEMBENTUKAN MALAYSIA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 6 – Cabaran Selepas Pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran Dalaman Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran yang dihadapi oleh Malaysia <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan Malaysia menawarkan peluang
ekonomi yang lebih luas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sabah dan Sarawak memiliki sumber bahan
mentah yang besar ( minyak/ kayu balak / lada hitan/ koko dll )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan
kegiatan ekonomi – rakyat Sabah dan Sarawak masih kekalkan pertanian
tradisional/ pertanian sara diri/kecil-kecilan. Sector pertanian perlu
dimodenkan dengan pertanian komersial seperti kelapa sawit/ getah dan koko <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memajukan
sistem perhubungan dan pengangkutan –banyak kawasan pedalaman di Sabah dan
Sarawak masih menggunakan perhubungan air. Usaha<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perlu dilakukan bagi membina jalan darat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memajukan
sistem pendidikan – sekolah vernacular masih banyak yang daif dan serba
kekurangan/ mereka kurang diberikan kemudahan pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran politik di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
kepimpinan ketua menteri Kalong Ningkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Wujud
masalah politik- kerajaan terpaksa isytiharkan darurat. Kalong Ningkan
digantikan dengan Tawi Sli<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran perpaduan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelbagai
kaum/adat dan budaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
jarak antara TM dan Sabah/ Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemisahan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faktor politik – <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Lee
Kuan Yew tidak berpuashati dengan peranan Singapura yang terhad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berlaku
konflik kepimpinan PAP dengan Perikatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">LKY
melakukan kempen Malaysian Malaysia ( sama rata antara semua kaum )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendatangkan
keresahan kepada penduduk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faktor ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
tuntut pembukaan pasaran bersama disegerakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
tidak setuju dengan jumlah cukai yang perlu disumbangkan kepada kerajaan
persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
kenankan kadar faedah tinggi untuk pinjaman membangunkan Sabah dan Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Masalah perkauman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berlaku
rusuhan di Singapura pada 21 Julai 1964<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berlaku
ketegangan kaum – tuntutan persamaan hak antara kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemisahan Singapura daripada Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">29/6/1965-
rundingan TAR dan LKY gagal<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1
/7/1965 – rundingan dalam cabinet TAR berkaitan pemisahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1/8/1965
–mesyuarat khas cabinet – setuju dengan pemisahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">7/8/1965
– TAR/LKY tandatangan persetujuan pemisahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">9/8/1965-
TAR bawa usul pemisahan dalam parlimen dan diluluskan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani Ancaman Komunis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ancaman keselamatan di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gerakan
komunis bermula sejak pendudukan Jepun 1942 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Komunis
melakukan serangan dan tindakan subversive kepada orang awam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bentuk ancaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Politik
– menentang gagasan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membentuk
Parti Komunis Kalimantan/ menubuhkan pasukan gerila ( bersenjata )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
serangan bersenjata ke Bati Kitang, Kuching pada 1952<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usaha menangani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perang
saraf<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perhimpunan awam untuk member kesedaran
bahayanya ancaman komunis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyebarkan risalah/ maklumat/ menanam
perasaan benci terhadap komunis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengisytiharkan kawasan putih yang bebas
daripada ancaman komunis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tawaran pengampunan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Operasi
ketenteraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Operasi Hammer Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 180.0pt; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mendirikan pertempatan baru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 180.0pt; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertemapatn ini dikawal/ lindungi
masyarakat daripada serangan/ ancaman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 180.0pt; mso-list: l0 level5 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tamat pada 1973 apabila ketua dan ahli
menyerah diri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ancaman keselamatan di semenanjung Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembunuhan
anggota keselamatan dan orang awam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(
1968 16 anggota keselamatan dibunuh/ 1974 ketua polis negara ditembak mati/
1975 ketua polis negeri Perak ditembak mati/ serangan kepada orang awam/
meletupkan jambatan kereta api <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengeboman
tugu negara - 1975<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usaha
mengatasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Strategi COIN – mempengaruhi minda dan
pemikiran rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian kerjasama sempadan – membina
pagar sempadan Malaysia dan Thailand<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian Hat Yai 1989 – PKM bersetuju
membubarkan unit bersenjata/ musnahkan jerangkap samr/ senjata api/ bahan
letupan dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu Pembangunan Dan Ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rancangan Malaysia pertama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu
ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kurangnya penyediaan bantuan kewangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kurang kemudahan perhubungan di kawasan
luar bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Terlalu bergantung pada getah dan bijih
timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kejatuhan harga bahan mentah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertanian tradisional/ hasil yang
sedikit/ petani berpendapatan rendah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Taraf hidup yang berbeza<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peluang pekerjaan terhad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Masalah kesihatan dn sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keperluan asas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usaha
menangani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan kegiatan ekonomi/ menambah
sector baru<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencari pasaran baru bagi getah dan bijih
timah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan bidang pertanian – kelapa
sawit dan koko<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan pengeluaran komoditi negara
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tragedi Hubungan Antara Kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rusuhan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah mengatasi peristiwa 13 Mei 1969<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MAGERAN ( majlis gerakan negara )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-84162975843814221322021-03-06T17:18:00.001-08:002021-03-06T17:18:09.500-08:00BAB 5 PEMBENTUKAN MALAYSIA<p> <span style="font-family: Andalus, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bab 5- Pembentukan Malaysia</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep Gagasan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Idea asal
oleh Tunku Abdul Rahman– gabungkan bekas tanah jajahan British di Asia
Tenggara ( Tanah Melayu/ Singapura/ Brunei/ Sabah/ Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkembangan Idea Dan Usaha<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1887- cadangan Lord Brassey / Pengarah
Syarikat Berpiagam Borneo Utara
gabungkan Sarawak/ Sabah/ Negeri Melayu / Negeri-negeri Selat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1951 –cadangan Sir Malcom Mc Donald /
Gabenor Jeneral British gabungkan TM/ Singapura / Borneo <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1952- cadangan Sir Gerald Templer/
Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1960- TM / Singapura – cadangan Sir
Geofroy Tory Pesuruhjaya Tinggi British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Idea penduduk tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1906
– majalah Al Imam menggesa penyatuan raja dan orang Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1938
– idea Melayu Raya ( gabungkan TM dan
Indonesia )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1955
– idea TAR – TM/ Sabah/ Sarawak/ Brunei dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1958
– Datu Mustapha Datu Harun menyatakan minat menggabungkan Sabah dengan TM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1960
– TAR memaklumkan idea kepada PTI<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rasional idea
pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keselamatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ancaman komunis di Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ancaman komunis di Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keseimbangan komposisi penduduk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keseimbangan orang Melayu/ Cina/
Bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempercepat kemerdekaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Proses dekolonisasi ( tidak menjajah )
dapat diteruskan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan wilayah <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memajukan semua tempat ( Sabah dan
Sarawak masih ketinggalan dalam bidang pembangunan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Reaksi Tempatan Dan negara Jiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Reaksi tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PTM
– menerima sambutan baik oleh parti politik seperti UMNO dan penduduk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sarawak
– menyokong – Parti BERJASA dan PANAS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sarawak
– menentang – SUPP/ SNAP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sarawak
– menyokong semula – SNAP<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1962
– SNAP PANAS BERJASA SCA PESAKA – membentuk Parti Perikatan Sarawak menyokong
pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sabah
– menyokong – UNKO/ USNO/ PASOK MOMOGUN / SCA ( SABAH ALLIANCE <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sabah
menentang – Barisan Bersatu SUPP , Parti Rakyat Brunei <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
– menyokong – PAP <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
menentang – Parti Rakyat Singapura/ Barisan Sosialis ( takut ianya bentuk
penjajahan baru )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Brunei
– menyokong – sultan Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Brunei
– menentang – Parti Rakyat Brunei pimpinan A.M. Azhari ( mahu gabungkan Sabah/
Sarawak/ Kalimantar utara dalam satu kesatuan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Reaksi negara jiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Indonesia
– peringkat awal tidak menentang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Filipina
– menentang kerana menuntut wilayah Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Thailand
– menerima cadangan penubuhan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah Pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Lawatan – TAR ke Sarawak , Sabah dan
Brunei<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jawatankuasa Setia Kawan Malaysia –
persidangan ahli parlimen komanwel ( TM Sabah Sarawak Singapura )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Referendum SIngapura ( pungutan suara )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rundingan London 1961 – antara pemimpin
TM dengan kerajaan British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Suruhanjaya Cobbold ( meninjau pandangan
rakyat Sabah dan Sarawak untuk membentuk Malaysia )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jawatankuasa antara kerajaan – mengkaji
isu yang menjadi halangan seperti agama/bahasa/sistem pendidikan/ bilangan
kerusi parlimen/ kuasa imigresen )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian Julai 1963 Dan Perisitiwa
Pengisytiharan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dikenali sebagai Perjanjian Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditandatangani oleh kerajaan British,
PTM, Sabah Sarawak dan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Intipati<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tarikh pembentukan 31/8/1963<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keanggotaan PTM + S+S+S<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengiktirafan kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada tempoh peralihan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembahagian kerusi parlimen – 15
Singapura 24 Sarawak 16 Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Taraf bumiputera Sabah dan Sarawak sama
dengan orang Melayu di PTM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Misi Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bantahan
oleh Indonesia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Satiausaha
Agung PBB U Thant membuat laporan akhir<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peristiwa pengisytiharan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perisytiharan
dilakukan oleh TAR <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelantikan
YD negeri dan ketua menteri bagi Sabah dan Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konfrantasi Dan Usaha Menangani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Indonesia tidak sokong penubuhan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Lancarkan konfrantasi – dengan alasan
mengancam kedudukan Indonesia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">20/1/1963- ganyang Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tentera Indonesia lancar serangan ke
Sarawak 12/4/1963 , 29/12/1963 di Sabah
dan 2/9/1963 di Labis Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia membuat aduan kepada PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;">g.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah menamatkan konfrantasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Feb 1963 - Rundingan wakil PBB dengan
pemimpin Malaysia dan Indonesia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">April 1963 - Rundingan awal di Manila<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1963 -Rundingan di Tokyo<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jun 1963 -rundingan menteri luar di
Manila<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ogos 1963 -Mesyuarat pemimpin di Manila (
Presiden Macapagal )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjumpaan di Bangkok 1964<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">30 Sept 1965 – perubahan kepimpinan di
Indonesia ( Jeneral Suharto )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";">o<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">4/8/1966 - Indonesia menamatkan konfrantasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">11/8/1966 –
perjanjian persetujuan normalisasi bagi menjalinkan semula hubungan Malaysia
dan Indonesia</span>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-87867945346687500932021-03-06T17:17:00.001-08:002021-03-06T17:17:27.223-08:00BAB 4 SISTEM PERSEKUTUAN<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 4 – Sistem Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan sistem persekutuan di Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persekutuan
1896<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dikenali sebagai NNMB (
Perak/Pahang/Selangor/ Negeri Sembilan)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Setiap negeri diperintah oleh Residen ( sistem
residen )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keputusan pentadbiran dibuat olehh
Residen Jeneral<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Majlis
mesyuarat persekutuan 1927<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditubuhkan bagi mengukuhkan Inggeris di
TM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malayan
Union 1946<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Inggeris ingin menyatukan pemerintahan
dibawah satu kuasa pusat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa utama kepada Gabenor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menerima bantahan daripada orang Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gagal dilaksanakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PTM
1948<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gabungan 9 buah negeri<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan /NNS <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sebagai asas pemerintahan/ pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ketua persekutuan –Pesuruhjaya Tinggi
British<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PTM
1957<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persekutuan
Malaysia 1963<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa Kerajaan Persekutuan Dan Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembahagian kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembahagian
kuasa dengan jelas/ peranan masing-masing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
kuasa perundangan dan pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Untuk
melicinkan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa kerajaan persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hal
ehwal luar negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertahanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keselamatan
dalam negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pentadbiran
keadilan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kewarganegaraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kewangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perhubungan
dan pengangkutan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelajaran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perubatan
dan kesihatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa kerajaan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pertanian
dan perhutanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerajaan
tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hari
kelepasan am<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Senarai bersama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebajikan
awam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Biasiswa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perlindungan
hidupan liar dan taman negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perancangan
bandar dan luar bandar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesihatan
awam/ kebersihan dan pencegahan penyakit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebudayaan
dan sukan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">perumahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peruntukan tambahan bagi Sabah dan
Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
dan adat anak negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mahkamah
anak negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kereta
api Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
keluarga ( perkahwinan / penjagaan anak/ nafkah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyelidikan
pertanian dan perhutanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pilihanr
raya bai dewan undangan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan kerajaan tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan
perkhidmatan pembersihan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengeluarkan
lesen dan kawalan penjaja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Membangunkan
kawasan perumahan awam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan
kemudahan sukan dan kebudayaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan
pasukan bantuan dan penyelamat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan
perkhidmatan kecemasan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyediakan
kemudahan awam ( tandas )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyelenggara
jalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyelenggara
sistem saliran ( parit )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengindahkan
kawasan ( taman bunga )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjaga
kesihatan awam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama Kerajaan Persekutuan Dan Negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama pembangunan sosioekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan
tanah – FELDA/ FELCRA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan
wilayah- LEMBAGA KEMAJUAN WILAYAH KEDAH/ KEDA, LEMBAGA KEMAJUAN JOHOR TENGGARA
( KEJORA ), LEMBAGA KEMAJUAN PAHANG TENGGARA ( DARA )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembangunan
koridor wilayah – Rancangan Pembangunan Iskandar/ wilayah ekonomi koridor
utara/ wilayah ekonomi pantai timur<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama pemuliharaan khazanah negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengurusan
taman negara – PERHILITAN / TAMAN NEGARA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengurusan
taman laut ( PULAU/ TAMAN LAUT / restorasi batu karang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama penyediaan perumahan rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perumahan
awal kemerdekaan – kementerian kerajaan tempatan menyediakan perumahan kos
rendah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perumahan
untuk mengatasi masalah kemiskinan – Flat 1970an / 1997 program<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perumahan rakyat/ PPR / perumahan awam kos
rendah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perumahan
mampu milik- PRIMA/ Rumah Selangorku/ Rumah Mampu Milik Johor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama menjamin keselamatan dan
kedaulatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintahan
keselamatan daerah Rajang Sarawak- elakkan komunis/ JK perang saraf/ JK RASCOM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kawasan
keselamatan Khas Pantai Timur Sabah/ ESSCOM ( atasi masalah lanun dari Filipina
)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faktor Mengukuhkan Sistem Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keluhuran perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadikan
perlembagaan persekutuan sebagai undang-undang tertinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang/undang/
peraturan kerajaan negeri terbatal jika bertentangan dengan perlembagaan
persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penyelarasan kerajaan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mesyuarat
Menteri Besar dan Ketua Menteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan
majlis ( Majlis kewangan negara/ Majlis Tanah negara/ Majlis negara bagi
Kerajaan Tempatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ppenubuhan
Majlis Keselamatan negara/ Majlis Air negara/ Majlis Perumahan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-4965115068713089842021-03-06T17:16:00.002-08:002021-03-06T17:16:25.203-08:00BAB 3 RAJA BERPERLEMBAGAAN DAN DEMOKRASI BERPARLIMEN<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 3 – Raja Berperlembagaan Dan Demokrasi
Berparlimen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintahan beraja kesultanan Melayu
Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
berkuasa mutlak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
mempunyai kuasa pentadbiran/ perundangan dan kehakiman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
undang-undang – Undang-undang Laut Melaka/ Hukum Kanun Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintahan
raja dikukuhkan dengan agama Islam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesultanan
Melaka mempengaruhi tradisi dan adat kesultanan selepas itu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sebelum perang dunia kedua<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">British
memperkenalkan sistem Residen di negeri Melayu Bersekutu dan penasihat di
Negeri Melayu tidak bersekutu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
memerintah dengan campurtangan daripada Inggeris ( residen dan penasihat )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hanya
di NNMTB raja mempunyai kuasa yang agak kukuh sementara raja di NMB hanya dalam
bidang adat dan agama sahaja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
Tubuh Kerajaan Negeri Johor 1895 dan Terengganu 1911 memperlihatkan ciri-ciri
raja berperlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintahan
beraja dikekalkan dengan penyesuaian / perjanjian yang dimetrai dengan Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Semasa pemerintahan Jepun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
diiktiraf sebagai ketua dalam bidang agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
diletakkan di bawah pengawasan Gabenor Jepun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selepas perang dunia kedua<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Apabila
Malayan Union diperkenalkan pada 1946 kuasa raja hampir diambil alih sepenuhnya
oleh raja England<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Taraf
Tanah Melayu pada masa ini ialah tanah jajahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selepas
penentangan terhadap MU, Inggeris memperkenalkan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu pada
1948<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Semua
negeri mewujudkan undang-undang tubuh kerajaan sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja berperlembagaan dan demokrasi
berparlimen selepas merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selepas
kemerdekaan kedudukan raja dijamin dalam perlembagaan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diwujudkan
jawatan Yang Dipertuan Agong sebagai ketua negara dan diberikan kuasa tertentu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat
diberikan hak untuk mengundi ( memilih kerajaan/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>yang memerintah sama ada peringkat pusat /
Perdana Menteri atau negeri Menteri Besar/ Ketua Menteri )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejarah Dan Kedudukan Institusi Majlis
Raja-Raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan DURBAR NNMB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DURBAR
dibentuk pada 1897<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berfungsi
sebagai majlis perundingan / persidangan raja-raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
yang terlibat – Pahang/ Perak/ Selangor/ Negeri Sembilan )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Majlis sultan-sultan semasa Malayan Union<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Inggeris
tubuhkan Majlis sultan-sultan diletakkan di bawah<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gabenor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Untuk
bincangkan undang-undang berkaitan agama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
dapat dilaksanakan kerana raja menolak MU<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Majlis Raja-raja semasa PTM 1948<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MRR
ditubuhkan pada 1948<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diuruskan
sepenuhnya oleh raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ahli
– 9 raja Melayu dan Penyimpan Mohor Besar Raja-raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MRR
boleh mendapatkan penerangan daripada Inggeris berkaitan penggubalan
undang-undang dan dasar kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">MRR selepas merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1957
-Ahli ditambah dengan YD negeri ( Melaka dan Pulau Pinang )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1963
– YD Sarawak dan Sabah masuk jadi ahli MRR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedudukan MRR dalam perlembagaan
persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memilih
YD Agong dan Timbalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memperkenankan
pindaan perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Boleh
setuju/ tak setuju undang-undang yang perlu persetujuan MRR<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memberikan
nasihat pelantikan jawatan tertentu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mesti
dirujuk untuk urusan hak istimewa orang Melayu/ bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjadi
lembaga pengampunan bagi kes tertentu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkenankan
perubahan sempadan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Yang diPertuan Agong Dan Raja Dalam
Perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Institusi YDA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mulai
1957 ( sejak merdeka )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dipilih
daripada 9 raja Melayu ( Perlis/ Kedah, Perak, Selangor , Negeri Sembilan,
Johor, Pahang, Kelantan, Terengganu )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
Timbalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedudukan YDA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ketua
utama negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Punca
kedaulatan/ ketaatan/ perpaduan/ kebesaran dan kemuliaan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa YDA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa
eksekutif<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melantik
PM dan jemaah menteri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelantikan
jawatan penting ( peguam negara/ Panglima angkatan tentera/ ketua audit negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ketenteraan
– pemerintah tertinggi angkatan tentera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diplomatik
– lantik duta ke luar negara / menerima duta<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa dan peranan YDA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa
perundangan - Memperkenankan undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parlimen
- Memanggil sidang parlimen/ bubar parlimen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Agama
- Ketua agama negeri sendiri / WP/ Melaka/ PP/ Sabah dan Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjaga/
melindungi kedudukan istimewa orang Melayu/ bumiputera/ kaum lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Boleh
membuat pengisytiharan darurat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Lantik
hakim ( Ketua Hakim negara/ Presiden Mahkamah Rayuan/ Hakim Besar Malaya/ Hakim
Besar Sabah dan Sarawak/ Hakim mahkamah Rayuan/Persekutuan/ Tinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa
pengampunan – atas nasihat lembaga pengampunan ( ampun/tangguh/ringan hukuman )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Amalan Demokrasi Dan Pengasingan Kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Amalan pilihanraya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Elemen
penting dalam sistem demokrasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tempoh
– 5 tahun<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkara
berkaitan dengan amalan – kempen/ poster/ manifesto/ penubuhan parti politik/
hari pencalonan/ hari mengundi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diuruskan
oleh SPR ( Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebebasan asasi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebebasan
diri – diambil nyawa/ dilucutkan kebebasan diri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebebasan
beragama – walaupun agama Islam adalah agama rasmi/ agama lain boleh diamalkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hak
dalam pendidikan – tidak boleh ada diskriminasi terhadap warganegara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kebebasan
bersuara/berhimpun dan berpersatuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengasingan kuasa dalam pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Badan
perundangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parlimen sebagai badan perundangan
tertinggi di Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Komponen parlimen – YDA/Dewan Rakyat/
Dewan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gubal/bahas/ lulus undang-undang <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Badan
eksekutif<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jemaah menteri/ kabinet –diketuai PM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada kementerian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Badan
kehakiman<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diketuai oleh Ketua Hakim negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengadili pertikaian<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( kerajaan- rakyat/ rakyat-rakyat/ kerajaan
negeri-rakyat )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada mahkamah atasan – persekutuan/
rayuan/ mahkamah tinngi <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mahkamah rendah – mahkamah sesyen dan
majistret<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mahkamah khas- mahkamah khas raja-raja/
mahkamah tentera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada mahkamah peringkat negeri – syariah
dan anak negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keunikan Amalan Demokrasi Berparlimen Di Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gabungan unsur tradisional dan moden
dalam pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
sebagai warisan sosiopolitik masyarakat Melayu( latarbelakang sejarah negara
ini )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Unsur
moden- parlimen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mekanisme semak dan imbang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja
berkecuali dalam hal politik/ekonomi dan dasar negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meredakan
pertikaian parti politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adanya
pengasingan kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa budi bicara raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dimiliki
oleh YDA/ Sultan/YD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa
pembubaran perlimen oleh YDA/ pembubaran DUN oleh sultan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parti
politik bersama dalam pilihanraya/ membentuk gabungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Prinsip
– tolak ansur/ runding/<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Suara
setiap kaum didengari/ diambil kira<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh
Perikatan/ Barisan Nasional/Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah/ Pakatan Harapan <o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-83632599031333688302021-03-06T17:15:00.001-08:002021-03-06T17:15:25.728-08:00BAB 2 PERLEMBAGAAN PERSEKUTUAN<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 2 – Perlembagaan Persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perlembagaan sebagai undang-undang
tertinggi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fasa – pemerintahan beraja / pemerintahan
inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asas pembentukan perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
negeri Melayu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Raja sebagai pemerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat setia kepad raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang dan cara pemerintahan
ditentukan oleh raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Contoh Hukum Kanun Melaka/ Undang-undang
Laut Melaka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hukum Kanun Pahang/ Undang-undang Kedah/
Johor/ Undang-undang 99 Perak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Undang-undang
Inggeris<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan pentadbiran Negeri-negeri Selat
– Charter of Justice<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan mahkamah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan majlis tertinggi di Sarawak/
Gabenor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penubuhan Majlis undangan dan majlis
kerja di Sabah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejarah Penggubalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mulai 1887<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hingga 1957<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Negeri Perak – 1877 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1946 – undang-undang Negeri-Negeri
Selat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan Negeri Melayu Bersekutu /
Negeri Melayu tidak bersekutu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1948 –perjanjian Persekutuan Tanah Melayu
( Ng Melayu+ Melaka +Pulau Pinang – memperihalkan pentadbiran/ kuasa raja/
perundangan dan kewarganegaraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1957 – suruhanjaya perlembagaan /
Suruhanjaya Reid –sebagai asas perlembagaan negara <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri Utama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri tradisional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesultanan
dan pemerintahan beraja – peranan sultan setiap negeri yang beraja <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Agama
islam menjadi agama rasmi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bahasa
Melayu – bahasa rasmi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedudukan
orang Melayu dan bumiputera<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerajaan
persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sistem
demokrasi berparlimen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kewarganegaraan
( untuk semua )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pindaan 1963 Dan 1965<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pindaan 1963<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Struktur
mahkamah atasan – mahkamah persekutuan/ mahkamah rayuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan
mahkamah tinggi Borneo / mahkamah tinggi Malaya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jawatan
Yang dipertua negeri – Sabah/ Sarawak<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pindaan 1965<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Singapura
keluar dari Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-45161708500321790932021-03-06T17:14:00.003-08:002021-03-06T17:14:28.327-08:00BAB 1 KEDAULATAN NEGARA<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">NOTA SEJARAH TINGKATAN 5 TAHUN 2021 ( SPM 2021 )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">KANDUNGAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 1 – Kedaulatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep Kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ditakrifkan sebagai kekuasan tertinggi
dan kewibawaan sesebuah negara yang bebas serta mempunyai hak untuk
melaksanakan pemerintahan dan pentadbiran negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">negara – kemerdekaan negara mulai 1957 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">pembentukan Malaysia pada 1963
mengukuhkan / memantapkan negara <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">takrifan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">bahasa
yunani – supernuus atau superanus – agung/ tertinggi . merujuk kepada negara
yang bebas dan merdeka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">bahasa
inggeris – sovereignty / negara mempunyai kuasa penuh terhadap pemerintahan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">bahasa
arab – daulah/ kuasa pemerintahan sesebuah kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">bahasa
Melayu – daulat / kekuasaan tertinggi terhadap pemerintahan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">pandangan tokoh<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Aristotle
– kuasa tertinggi dalam sistem pemerintahan sesebuah negara. Merujuk kepada
kerajaan yang terikat oleh undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ibnu
Khaldun – kekuatan dan kekuasaan sesebuah negara berasaskan semangat kekitaan
bangsanya.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jean
Bodin – kuasa tertinggi dalam sesebuah negara, mempunyai sifat kekal dan
mempunyai kuasa tidak terbatas untuk membuat undang-undang, mentafsir dan
melaksanakannya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tunku
Abdul Rahman – kedaulatan dibina berdasarkan prinsip kebebasan dan keadilan
yang sentiasa memperjuangkan kebajikan dan kesejahteraan rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tun
Dr Mohamed Salleh Abas <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- kedaulatan
merupakan asas negara yang merdeka , memiliki kebebasan pada peringkat
antarabangsa bersama dengan hak dan kuasa untuk mengatur urusan dalam negara
tanpa telunjuk asing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jenis kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedaulatan
tradisional- pemerintahan berkuasa mutlak / mempunyai kuasa sepenuhnya untuk
semua urusan negara. negara kedaulatan raja-raja Melayu. Ianya diperkukuh
melalui konsep taat setia kepada raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedaulatan
moden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Muncul seiring dengan revolusi yang
tersetus di negara England dan Perancis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dikaitkan dengan kuasa rakyat ( menentang
raja ) dan kerajaan yang mempunyai perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Juga dikaitkan dengan konsep negara
bangsa ( gabungan pelbagai negeri/ menjadi negara)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedaulatan
undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Merujuk kepada kerajaan dan rakyat
terikat dengan perlembagaan dan undang-undang yang ada<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kedaulatan
antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Merujuk pada pengiktirafan oleh PBB
terhadap sesebuah negara/ tidak boleh dicabuli/ dicerobohi oleh negara lain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Prinsip persamaan kedaulatan dari segi
undang-undang antarabangsa ( semua negara yang merdeka adalah bebas dan
berdaulat )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri negara Yang Berdaulat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempunyai<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pemerintahan – untuk menjaga kestabilan
politik/ keamanan, pertahanan dan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempunyai sempadan –sempadan darat/.air/
udara/ memudahkan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempunyai perundangan – untuk memelihara
kesejahteraan / menjamin keadilan dan melindungi rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempunyai rakyat – penduduk sesebuah negara/
pelbagai kaum/ agama/ budaya/ disatukan melalui bahasa dan budaya/<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perkongsian identiti nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepentingan Mewujudkan negara Berdaulat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keberkesanan pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Member
kebebasan kepada negara untuk menjalankan urusan pentadbiran tanpa campur
tangan pihak luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan
jemaah menteri dan pelbagai kementerian yang ditubuhkan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengagihan
kuasa antara kerajaan persekutuan dan kerajaan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adanya
undang-undang / perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kemakmuran ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memajukan
taraf hidup rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mempelbagaikan
eknomi – pertanian/ perindustrian/ perdagangan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kesejahteraan sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melaksanakan
dasar sosial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar
– bahasa/ kebudayaan/ sukan/ rukun negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pupuk
semangat perpaduan dalam kalangan rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kecemerlangan hubungan luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jalin
hubungan dengan negara luar/ hubungan diplomatik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
dasar luar yang jelas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l0 level3 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Buat
hubungan antara negara/ pertubuhan serantau dan antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah Mempertahankan Kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mewujudkan kestabilan politik dan
kemakmuran ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintah
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Wujudkan pentadbiran yang cekap<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Elakkan amalan rasuah dalam pentadbiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Agihan ekonomi yang adil<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Laksana undang-undang menurut
perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Setia kepada raja dan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sokong dasar kerajaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Wujudkan kestabilan politik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pupuk kerjasama sesama rakyat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Patuhi undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengekalkan perpaduan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gubal dasar dan undang-undang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memastikan dasar yang dilaksanakan
berkesan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rangka program/ kempen/ aktiviti ke arah
pemupukan kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dana kewangan untuk program integrasi
kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Guna bahasa kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hayati rukun negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memahami/ menghormati kepelbagaian dalam
masyarakat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Amalan toleransi/kerjasama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melibatkan diri dalam program
kemasyarakatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memupuk patriotisme ( cinta yang mendalam
terhadap negara/ sanggup mempertahankan sejarah/ bangsa/ undang-undang/
warisan/ budaya )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Anjurkan sambutan Hari Kebangsaan/ hari
pahlawan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mata pelajaran Sejarah – pupuk
nasionalisme<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kempen/ filem / program ke arah patriotik<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Abadikan tokoh/ berjasa pada nama
bangunan/ jalan dll<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menghormati lambang negara – lagu/ jata<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sanjung adat/ warisan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menaikkan nama negara dalam pelbagai
bidang/ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mengharumkan nama negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menghargai jasa tokoh negara/ negarawan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengukuhkan pertahanan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemerintah<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gubal undang-undang dan peraturan
lindungi keselamatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menjalinkan kerjasama pertahanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memodenkan sistem pertahanan / pembelian
peralatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pasukan keselamatan sentiasa bersiap
sedia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 108.0pt; mso-list: l1 level3 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rakyat
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peka pada isu keselamatan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengelakkan membocorkan rahsia negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menganggotai pasukan sukarelawan
pertahanan – wataniah/ rela<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 144.0pt; mso-list: l1 level4 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sanggu berkorban demi negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2697816306586641615.post-50258581440796489342021-03-06T17:13:00.002-08:002021-03-06T17:13:32.157-08:00ISI KANDUNGAN SEJARAH TING 5 2021<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">NOTA SEJARAH TINGKATAN 5 TAHUN 2021 ( SPM 2021 )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kandungan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 1 – Kedaulatan Negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri negara yang berdaulat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepentingan mewujdukan negara berdaulat<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Andalus;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah mempertahamkan kedaulatan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 2 – perlembagaan persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejarah penggubalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri utama<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pindaan 1963 dan 1965<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 3 – Raja Berperlembagaan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dan Demokrasi Berparlimen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejarah dan kedudukan institusi Majlis
Raja-Raja<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">YDA dan raja dalam perlembagaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Amalan demokrasi dan pengasingan kuasa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keunikan amalan demokrasi berparlimen di Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 4 – Sistem persekutuan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kuasa kerajaan persekutuan dan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerjasama kerajaan persekutuan dan negeri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Faktor mengukuhkan <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 5- Pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep gagasan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perkembangan idea dan usaha<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Reaksi tempatan dan negara jiran<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Langkah pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian julai 1963 dan perisitiwa
pengisytiharan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konfrantasi dan usaha menangani<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 6 – Cabaran selepas pembentukan Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran dalaman Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pemisahan Singapura<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menangani ancaman komunis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Isu pembangunan dan ekonomi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tragedi hubungan antara kaum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 7 – Membina kesejahteraan negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perpaduan dan integrasi nasional<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dasar pendidikan kebangsaan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa ilmu dan
perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sukan sebagai alat perpaduan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Rukun negara sebagai tonggak
kesejahteraan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 8 – Membina kemakmuran negara<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan DEB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelaksanaan DEB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembentukan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelaksanaan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencapaian DEB dan DPN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 9 – Dasar luar Malaysia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asas penggubalan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam PBB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam Komanwel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cabaran mengukuhkan dasar luar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam ASEAN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam nam ( pergerakan negara
tanpa pihak )<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam OIC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bab 10 – Kecemerlangan Malaysia di persada dunia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Malaysia dalam isu global kontemporari<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Peranan Malaysia dalam hubungan ekonomi
antarabangsa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelibatan rakyat dalam isu kemanusiaan
dan keamanan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Usaha mengekalkan kelestarian global<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Andalus","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Wawasan Malaysia menuju masa hadapan<o:p></o:p></span></p>CIKGU RAZAKhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16020627851115833981noreply@blogger.com0